महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-91, verse-51

तेषामापततां राजन्संक्रुद्धानाममर्षिणाम् ।
श्रुत्वा स निनदं घोरममर्षाद्गतसाध्वसः ।
भगदत्तो महेष्वासः स्वनागं प्रत्यचोदयत् ॥५१॥

51. teṣāmāpatatāṁ rājansaṁkruddhānāmamarṣiṇām ,
śrutvā sa ninadaṁ ghoramamarṣādgatasādhvasaḥ ,
bhagadatto maheṣvāsaḥ svanāgaṁ pratyacodayat.

51. teṣām āpatatām rājan saṃkruddhānām
amarṣiṇām śrutvā saḥ ninadam ghoram
amarṣāt gatasaadhvasaḥ bhagadattaḥ
maheṣvāsaḥ svanāgam pratyacodayat

51. rājan,
saṃkruddhānām amarṣiṇām teṣām āpatatām ghoram ninadam śrutvā,
saḥ bhagadattaḥ maheṣvāsaḥ amarṣāt gatasaadhvasaḥ svanāgam pratyacodayat

51. O King, upon hearing the terrible roar of those enraged and indignant attackers, Bhagadatta, the great archer, became fearless out of indignation and urged his own elephant forward.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

• आपतताम् (āpatatām) - of the attacking warriors (of those rushing, falling upon)

• राजन् (rājan) - addressed to Dhritarashtra (O King)

• संक्रुद्धानाम् (saṁkruddhānām) - of the enraged attackers (of the enraged ones)

• अमर्षिणाम् (amarṣiṇām) - of the indignant attackers (of the indignant ones, intolerant ones)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• सः (saḥ) - Bhagadatta (he)

• निनदम् (ninadam) - terrible roar of the attacking army (roar, sound)

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful

• अमर्षात् (amarṣāt) - from indignation, out of rage

• गतसअध्वसः (gatasaadhvasaḥ) - fearless, having lost fear

• भगदत्तः (bhagadattaḥ) - Bhagadatta

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - Bhagadatta, who was a great archer (great archer)

• स्वनागम् (svanāgam) - his own elephant

• प्रत्यचोदयत् (pratyacodayat) - he urged forward, he impelled

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

आपतताम् (āpatatām) - of the attacking warriors (of those rushing, falling upon)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of āpatat

āpatat - rushing towards, falling upon, attacking

Present Active Participle

Derived from ā (prefix) + pat (root) + śatṛ (suffix)

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - addressed to Dhritarashtra (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

संक्रुद्धानाम् (saṁkruddhānām) - of the enraged attackers (of the enraged ones)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - enraged, very angry

Past Passive Participle

Derived from sam (prefix) + krudh (root) + kta (suffix)

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

अमर्षिणाम् (amarṣiṇām) - of the indignant attackers (of the indignant ones, intolerant ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of amarṣin

amarṣin - intolerant, indignant, impatient

Root: mṛṣ

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Derived from śru (root) + ktvā (suffix)

Root: śru (class 5)

सः (saḥ) - Bhagadatta (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

निनदम् (ninadam) - terrible roar of the attacking army (roar, sound)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ninada

ninada - roar, sound, shout

Prefix: ni

Root: nad

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, formidable, fierce

अमर्षात् (amarṣāt) - from indignation, out of rage

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of amarṣa

amarṣa - indignation, impatience, anger

Prefix: a

Root: mṛṣ

गतसअध्वसः (gatasaadhvasaḥ) - fearless, having lost fear

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gatasaadhvasa

gatasaadhvasa - one whose fear is gone, fearless

Compound type : bahuvrihi (gata+sādhvasa)

• gata – gone, lost, past
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from gam (root) + kta (suffix)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• sādhvasa – fear, terror, apprehension
  noun (neuter)

भगदत्तः (bhagadattaḥ) - Bhagadatta

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagadatta

bhagadatta - Bhagadatta (name of the king of Pragjyotisha)

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - Bhagadatta, who was a great archer (great archer)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one with a great bow

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• iṣvāsa – archer, bow-wielder, bow
  noun (masculine)

स्वनागम् (svanāgam) - his own elephant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svanāga

svanāga - one's own elephant

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+nāga)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun (masculine)
• nāga – elephant, serpent
  noun (masculine)

प्रत्यचोदयत् (pratyacodayat) - he urged forward, he impelled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pracud

Imperfect

3rd person singular, derived from prati (prefix) + cud (root, causative form ṇic) + laṅ (suffix)

Prefix: prati

Root: cud (class 10)