महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-91, verse-42

दशार्णाधिपतिश्चापि गजं भूमिधरोपमम् ।
समास्थितोऽभिदुद्राव भगदत्तस्य वारणम् ॥४२॥

42. daśārṇādhipatiścāpi gajaṁ bhūmidharopamam ,
samāsthito'bhidudrāva bhagadattasya vāraṇam.

42. daśārṇādhipatiḥ ca api gajam bhūmidharopamam
samāsthitaḥ abhidudrāva bhagadattasya vāraṇam

42. daśārṇādhipatiḥ ca api bhūmidharopamam gajam
samāsthitaḥ bhagadattasya vāraṇam abhidudrāva

42. And the lord of Daśārṇa, mounted on an elephant resembling a mountain, charged towards Bhagadatta's elephant.

Words meanings summery:

• दशार्णाधिपतिः (daśārṇādhipatiḥ) - the king of Daśārṇa (lord of Daśārṇa)

• च (ca) - and, moreover (and, also)

• अपि (api) - moreover, in addition to (also, even, moreover)

• गजम् (gajam) - an elephant (of Daśārṇa's king, ridden by him) (elephant)

• भूमिधरोपमम् (bhūmidharopamam) - resembling a mountain in size and form (like a mountain, mountain-like)

• समास्थितः (samāsthitaḥ) - mounted upon (the elephant) (mounted, seated upon)

• अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - charged aggressively towards (charged, rushed towards)

• भगदत्तस्य (bhagadattasya) - belonging to King Bhagadatta (of Bhagadatta)

• वारणम् (vāraṇam) - Bhagadatta's elephant (Supratīka) (elephant)

Words meanings and morphology

दशार्णाधिपतिः (daśārṇādhipatiḥ) - the king of Daśārṇa (lord of Daśārṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśārṇādhipati

daśārṇādhipati - lord of Daśārṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daśārṇa+adhipati)

• daśārṇa – name of a country/region
  proper noun (neuter)
• adhipati – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi

च (ca) - and, moreover (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - moreover, in addition to (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

गजम् (gajam) - an elephant (of Daśārṇa's king, ridden by him) (elephant)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gaja

gaja - elephant

भूमिधरोपमम् (bhūmidharopamam) - resembling a mountain in size and form (like a mountain, mountain-like)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhūmidharopama

bhūmidharopama - resembling a mountain, mountain-like

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūmidhara+upama)

• bhūmidhara – mountain (lit. earth-bearer)
  noun (masculine)
• upama – likeness, comparison, similar to
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa

Note: Modifies 'gajam'.

समास्थितः (samāsthitaḥ) - mounted upon (the elephant) (mounted, seated upon)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāsthita

samāsthita - mounted, situated, standing upon

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sthā' with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to the Daśārṇa king.

अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - charged aggressively towards (charged, rushed towards)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of abhidru

Perfect tense

Root 'dru' (to run) with prefix 'abhi'. Reduplicated perfect.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

भगदत्तस्य (bhagadattasya) - belonging to King Bhagadatta (of Bhagadatta)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhagadatta

bhagadatta - name of a king

वारणम् (vāraṇam) - Bhagadatta's elephant (Supratīka) (elephant)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāraṇa

vāraṇa - elephant, a covering, warding off

From root 'vṛ' (to cover, ward off).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Direct object of 'abhidudrāva'.