महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-91, verse-49

तस्मिन्पराजिते नागे पाण्डवानां महारथाः ।
सिंहनादं विनद्योच्चैर्युद्धायैवोपतस्थिरे ॥४९॥

49. tasminparājite nāge pāṇḍavānāṁ mahārathāḥ ,
siṁhanādaṁ vinadyoccairyuddhāyaivopatasthire.

49. tasmin parājite nāge pāṇḍavānām mahārathāḥ
siṃhanādam vinadya uccaiḥ yuddhāya eva upatasthire

49. tasmin nāge parājite pāṇḍavānām mahārathāḥ uccaiḥ
siṃhanādam vinadya yuddhāya eva upatasthire

49. When that Nāga (elephant) was defeated, the great warriors of the Pāṇḍavas, having roared a loud lion's roar, then prepared themselves for battle.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (in that, on that, when that)

• पराजिते (parājite) - defeated (defeated, conquered)

• नागे (nāge) - when the elephant (was defeated) (in the elephant, in the snake)

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - the great warriors (great warriors, commanders of great chariots)

• सिंहनादम् (siṁhanādam) - a lion's roar (lion's roar, war cry)

• विनद्य (vinadya) - having roared (having roared, having shouted)

• उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - loudly (loudly, high, above)

• युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle (for battle, for fighting)

• एव (eva) - then (emphatic) (indeed, only, certainly)

• उपतस्थिरे (upatasthire) - they prepared themselves (they stood near, they approached, they prepared themselves)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (in that, on that, when that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Nāga.

पराजिते (parājite) - defeated (defeated, conquered)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of parājita

parājita - defeated, conquered, overcome

Past Passive Participle

From root ji (to conquer) with prefix parā-.

Prefix: parā

Root: ji (class 1)

नागे (nāge) - when the elephant (was defeated) (in the elephant, in the snake)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - serpent, elephant, mountain, leader, chief

Root: nag

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, one of the Pāṇḍava brothers

Derivative from Pāṇḍu.

Note: Possessive, referring to `mahārathāḥ`.

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - the great warriors (great warriors, commanders of great chariots)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, commander of a great chariot (capable of fighting alone against many), a hero

Compound noun.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, vehicle, warrior (especially one who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rā

सिंहनादम् (siṁhanādam) - a lion's roar (lion's roar, war cry)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of siṃhanāda

siṁhanāda - lion's roar, a loud war cry

Compound noun.

Compound type : tatpurusha (siṃha+nāda)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• nāda – sound, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)
  From root nad (to roar, sound).
  Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Object of `vinadya`.

विनद्य (vinadya) - having roared (having roared, having shouted)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root nad (to sound, roar) with prefix vi-, and the suffix -ya for absolutives with prefixes.

Prefix: vi

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Denotes an action completed before the main verb.

उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - loudly (loudly, high, above)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of 'ucca' (high).

युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle (for battle, for fighting)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

From root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

एव (eva) - then (emphatic) (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

उपतस्थिरे (upatasthire) - they prepared themselves (they stood near, they approached, they prepared themselves)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (lit) of upa-sthā

Perfect, 3rd person plural

From root sthā, with prefix upa-. Middle voice (atmanepada) in perfect tense.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)