महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-81, verse-9

कृत्वा पौर्वाह्णिकं कृत्यं स्नातः शुचिरलंकृतः ।
उपतस्थे विवस्वन्तं पावकं च जनार्दनः ॥९॥

9. kṛtvā paurvāhṇikaṁ kṛtyaṁ snātaḥ śuciralaṁkṛtaḥ ,
upatasthe vivasvantaṁ pāvakaṁ ca janārdanaḥ.

9. kṛtvā paurvāhṇikam kṛtyam snātaḥ śuciḥ alaṅkṛtaḥ
upatasthe vivasvantam pāvakam ca janārdanaḥ

9. After performing his morning rituals, having bathed, become pure, and adorned himself, Janardana (Kṛṣṇa) worshipped the sun god (Vivasvat) and Agni (Pāvaka).

Words meanings summery:

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

• पौर्वाह्णिकम् (paurvāhṇikam) - morning (duty) (pertaining to the forenoon/morning)

• कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - ritual, religious duty (duty, action, what is to be done)

• स्नातः (snātaḥ) - bathed, purified by bathing

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean, holy

• अलङ्कृतः (alaṅkṛtaḥ) - adorned, decorated, embellished

• उपतस्थे (upatasthe) - he approached, he worshipped, stood near

• विवस्वन्तम् (vivasvantam) - to the sun, to the sun god

• पावकम् (pāvakam) - to Agni (Pāvaka) (to Agni, to fire, purifier)

• च (ca) - and

• जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janardana (an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna)

Words meanings and morphology

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive from √kṛ (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पौर्वाह्णिकम् (paurvāhṇikam) - morning (duty) (pertaining to the forenoon/morning)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paurvāhṇika

paurvāhṇika - relating to the forenoon or morning

Derived from pūrvāhṇa (forenoon)

Note: Qualifies kṛtyam

कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - ritual, religious duty (duty, action, what is to be done)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛtya

kṛtya - duty, action, what is to be done, ritual

Gerundive (karmaṇi kṛtya)

Gerundive from √kṛ (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

स्नातः (snātaḥ) - bathed, purified by bathing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of snāta

snāta - bathed, purified

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of √snā (to bathe)

Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Refers to Janardana

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean, holy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, holy, bright

Note: Refers to Janardana

अलङ्कृतः (alaṅkṛtaḥ) - adorned, decorated, embellished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alaṅkṛta

alaṅkṛta - adorned, decorated, embellished

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of √kṛ (to do) with prefix alaṅ- (from alaṃkṛ)

Prefix: alaṃ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to Janardana

उपतस्थे (upatasthe) - he approached, he worshipped, stood near

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of upatasthe

Perfect middle 3rd singular of √sthā (to stand) with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

विवस्वन्तम् (vivasvantam) - to the sun, to the sun god

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vivasvant

vivasvant - the sun, sun god, splendid

Note: Object of upatasthe

पावकम् (pāvakam) - to Agni (Pāvaka) (to Agni, to fire, purifier)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāvaka

pāvaka - fire, Agni, purifier

Derived from √pū (to purify)

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Object of upatasthe

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janardana (an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - Janardana, agitator of men, an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna

Compound: jana (people) + ardana (agitator, one who torments/punishes)

Compound type : tatpurusha (jana+ardana)

• jana – person, people, mankind
  noun (masculine)
• ardana – agitating, tormenting, destroying, supplicating
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from √ṛd (to trouble)
  Agent noun from the root √ṛd
  Root: ṛd (class 6)

Note: Subject of upatasthe