महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-81, verse-4

त्वया धर्मार्थयुक्तं चेदुक्तं शिवमनामयम् ।
हितं नादास्यते बालो दिष्टस्य वशमेष्यति ॥४॥

4. tvayā dharmārthayuktaṁ ceduktaṁ śivamanāmayam ,
hitaṁ nādāsyate bālo diṣṭasya vaśameṣyati.

4. tvayā dharmārthayuktaṃ cet uktaṃ śivam anāmayam
hitam na adāsyate bālaḥ diṣṭasya vaśam eṣyati

4. Even if you speak what is righteous (dharma), purposeful, auspicious, and beneficial, the boy will not accept that good counsel. He will instead fall under the sway of destiny.

Words meanings summery:

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Vidura, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (by you)

• धर्मार्थयुक्तं (dharmārthayuktaṁ) - suitable for righteousness (dharma) and purpose (referring to what is spoken) (endowed with righteousness (dharma) and purpose, suitable for righteousness (dharma) and prosperity)

• चेत् (cet) - if (if, supposing)

• उक्तं (uktaṁ) - what is spoken (counsel) (spoken, said)

• शिवम् (śivam) - auspicious (auspicious, benevolent, prosperous)

• अनामयम् (anāmayam) - beneficial, free from harm (free from illness, healthy, beneficial, safe)

• हितम् (hitam) - beneficial counsel (beneficial, good, salutary)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अदास्यते (adāsyate) - will accept (will accept, will take)

• बालः (bālaḥ) - the boy (Duryodhana) (boy, child, immature person, fool)

• दिष्टस्य (diṣṭasya) - of destiny (of fate, of destiny, of what is ordained)

• वशम् (vaśam) - control, sway (control, power, sway)

• एष्यति (eṣyati) - will fall into, will succumb to (will go, will come, will fall into)

Words meanings and morphology

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Vidura, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvad

tvad - you

धर्मार्थयुक्तं (dharmārthayuktaṁ) - suitable for righteousness (dharma) and purpose (referring to what is spoken) (endowed with righteousness (dharma) and purpose, suitable for righteousness (dharma) and prosperity)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dharmārthayukta

dharmārthayukta - endowed with righteousness and purpose, connected with dharma and artha

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+artha+yukta)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, constitution, duty
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, object, prosperity, wealth, meaning
  noun (masculine)
• yukta – joined, endowed with, suitable, proper
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root yuj (to join)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

चेत् (cet) - if (if, supposing)

(indeclinable)

उक्तं (uktaṁ) - what is spoken (counsel) (spoken, said)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, declared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

शिवम् (śivam) - auspicious (auspicious, benevolent, prosperous)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiva

śiva - auspicious, benevolent, prosperous, happy

अनामयम् (anāmayam) - beneficial, free from harm (free from illness, healthy, beneficial, safe)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anāmaya

anāmaya - healthy, free from illness, beneficial, safe

negative prefix an + āmaya (illness)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (an+āmaya)

• an – not, un- (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
• āmaya – illness, sickness, disease
  noun (masculine)

हितम् (hitam) - beneficial counsel (beneficial, good, salutary)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, good, placed, sent

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhā (to place) or hi (to send), often means beneficial

Root: dhā (class 3)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अदास्यते (adāsyate) - will accept (will accept, will take)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of dā

Future Tense

Middle voice, 3rd person singular

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

बालः (bālaḥ) - the boy (Duryodhana) (boy, child, immature person, fool)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāla

bāla - boy, child, immature, foolish

दिष्टस्य (diṣṭasya) - of destiny (of fate, of destiny, of what is ordained)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of diṣṭa

diṣṭa - fate, destiny, ordained, appointed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root diś (to point, to ordain)

Root: diś (class 6)

वशम् (vaśam) - control, sway (control, power, sway)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - will, power, control, subjection

एष्यति (eṣyati) - will fall into, will succumb to (will go, will come, will fall into)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of i

Future Tense

Active voice, 3rd person singular

Root: i (class 2)