महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-81, verse-10

ऋषभं पृष्ठ आलभ्य ब्राह्मणानभिवाद्य च ।
अग्निं प्रदक्षिणं कृत्वा पश्यन्कल्याणमग्रतः ॥१०॥

10. ṛṣabhaṁ pṛṣṭha ālabhya brāhmaṇānabhivādya ca ,
agniṁ pradakṣiṇaṁ kṛtvā paśyankalyāṇamagrataḥ.

10. ṛṣabham pṛṣṭhe ālabhya brāhmaṇān abhivādya ca
agnim pradakṣiṇam kṛtvā paśyan kalyāṇam agrataḥ

10. Having touched a bull on its back, saluted the Brahmins, and circumambulated Agni (fire), he then perceived auspiciousness (kalyāṇam) before him.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषभम् (ṛṣabham) - a bull, lord, best

• पृष्ठे (pṛṣṭhe) - on the back, on the surface

• आलभ्य (ālabhya) - having touched, having laid hands on, having grasped

• ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - the Brahmins, priestly class (plural)

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, having greeted, having paid homage

• च (ca) - and

• अग्निम् (agnim) - to Agni, fire

• प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - circumambulating (clockwise) (circumambulation (clockwise), respectfully)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

• पश्यन् (paśyan) - seeing, perceiving, observing

• कल्याणम् (kalyāṇam) - auspiciousness, welfare, good fortune

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front, before, ahead

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषभम् (ṛṣabham) - a bull, lord, best

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣabha

ṛṣabha - a bull, the best, a lord

Note: Object of ālabhya

पृष्ठे (pṛṣṭhe) - on the back, on the surface

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pṛṣṭha

pṛṣṭha - back, surface, top, page

Note: Refers to the location where the bull is touched

आलभ्य (ālabhya) - having touched, having laid hands on, having grasped

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive from √labh (to take, to grasp) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Refers to Janardana's action

ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - the Brahmins, priestly class (plural)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class

Derived from brahman (sacred knowledge, ultimate reality)

Note: Object of abhivādya

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, having greeted, having paid homage

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive from √vad (to speak) with prefix abhi- and vi-

Prefixes: abhi+vi

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Refers to Janardana's action

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अग्निम् (agnim) - to Agni, fire

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, Agni (god of fire)

Note: Object of pradakṣiṇam kṛtvā

प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - circumambulating (clockwise) (circumambulation (clockwise), respectfully)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pradakṣiṇa

pradakṣiṇa - clockwise circumambulation, respectfully, auspicious

Derived from prati (towards) + dakṣiṇa (right side)

Compound type : tatpurusha (prati+dakṣiṇa)

• pra – forth, forward, before
  indeclinable
• dakṣiṇa – right (direction), southern
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially with kṛtvā, meaning 'having performed circumambulation'

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive from √kṛ (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with agnim pradakṣiṇam

पश्यन् (paśyan) - seeing, perceiving, observing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, observing

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of √dṛś (to see), with `paśya` stem

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Refers to Janardana implicitly

कल्याणम् (kalyāṇam) - auspiciousness, welfare, good fortune

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kalyāṇa

kalyāṇa - auspiciousness, welfare, good, beautiful

Note: Object of paśyan

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front, before, ahead

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas from agra (front)

Note: Adverb of place