महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-81, verse-44

प्रव्रजन्तोऽन्वधावत्सा कृपणा पुत्रगृद्धिनी ।
रुदतीमपहायैनामुपगच्छाम यद्वनम् ॥४४॥

44. pravrajanto'nvadhāvatsā kṛpaṇā putragṛddhinī ,
rudatīmapahāyaināmupagacchāma yadvanam.

44. pravrajantaḥ anvadhāvat sā kṛpaṇā putragṛddhinī
rudatīm apahāya enām upagacchāma yat vanam

44. That pitiable woman, intensely longing for her son, followed us as we departed. Having abandoned her while she was weeping, let us now proceed to the forest to which we are going.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रव्रजन्तः (pravrajantaḥ) - while we were departing (going forth, departing, migrating)

• अन्वधावत् (anvadhāvat) - followed (us) (followed, ran after)

• सा (sā) - that woman (she, that (feminine))

• कृपणा (kṛpaṇā) - pitiable (woman) (pitiable, wretched, miserable)

• पुत्रगृद्धिनी (putragṛddhinī) - intensely longing for her son (longing for a son, desirous of a son)

• रुदतीम् (rudatīm) - (her) while she was weeping (weeping, crying)

• अपहाय (apahāya) - having abandoned (her) (having abandoned, having left, having discarded)

• एनाम् (enām) - her (the pitiable woman) (her, this (feminine))

• उपगच्छाम (upagacchāma) - let us now proceed (let us go, let us approach, let us proceed)

• यत् (yat) - to which (which, that)

• वनम् (vanam) - the forest (forest, wood, grove)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रव्रजन्तः (pravrajantaḥ) - while we were departing (going forth, departing, migrating)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pravrajat

pravrajat - going forth, departing, emigrating

Present Active Participle

Derived from √vraj (to go) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: vraj (class 1)

Note: Refers to the speaker(s) or a group of people.

अन्वधावत् (anvadhāvat) - followed (us) (followed, ran after)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of anuvadhāv

Imperfect, 3rd person singular, active voice

Prefixes: anu+ava

Root: dhāv (class 1)

सा (sā) - that woman (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

कृपणा (kṛpaṇā) - pitiable (woman) (pitiable, wretched, miserable)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - pitiable, wretched, miserable, poor

Note: Agrees with 'sā'.

पुत्रगृद्धिनी (putragṛddhinī) - intensely longing for her son (longing for a son, desirous of a son)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of putragṛddhin

putragṛddhin - longing for a son, desirous of a son

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+gṛddhin)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• gṛddhin – longing for, desirous of, greedy for
  adjective (masculine)
  From √gṛdh (to desire, to be greedy)
  Root: gṛdh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'sā'.

रुदतीम् (rudatīm) - (her) while she was weeping (weeping, crying)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rudat

rudat - weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

Derived from √rud (to weep, to cry)

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'enām'.

अपहाय (apahāya) - having abandoned (her) (having abandoned, having left, having discarded)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with prefix apa- and √hā (to abandon, leave)

Prefix: apa

Root: hā (class 3)

एनाम् (enām) - her (the pitiable woman) (her, this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ena

ena - this, her, it

Note: Object of 'apahāya'.

उपगच्छाम (upagacchāma) - let us now proceed (let us go, let us approach, let us proceed)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, optative/imperative (lot) of upagam

Optative/Imperative, 1st person plural, active voice

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Expresses intention or suggestion.

यत् (yat) - to which (which, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, what

Note: Often functions as an adverbial conjunction here meaning 'to where'.

वनम् (vanam) - the forest (forest, wood, grove)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

Note: Governed by the verb 'upagacchāma' indicating destination.