महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-81, verse-45

न नूनं म्रियते दुःखैः सा चेज्जीवति केशव ।
तथा पुत्राधिभिर्गाढमार्ता ह्यानर्तसत्कृता ॥४५॥

45. na nūnaṁ mriyate duḥkhaiḥ sā cejjīvati keśava ,
tathā putrādhibhirgāḍhamārtā hyānartasatkṛtā.

45. na nūnam mriyate duḥkhaiḥ sā cet jīvati keśava
tathā putrādhībhiḥ gāḍham ārtā hi ānartasatKṛtā

45. O Keśava, if that woman still lives, then she certainly does not die from such profound miseries. For, though honored in the region of Ānarta, she was thus deeply afflicted by intense mental anguish for her son.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly (certainly, surely, indeed, truly)

• म्रियते (mriyate) - does not die (dies, is dying)

• दुःखैः (duḥkhaiḥ) - from such profound miseries (by miseries, by sorrows, by sufferings)

• सा (sā) - that woman (she, that (feminine))

• चेत् (cet) - if

• जीवति (jīvati) - still lives (lives, survives)

• केशव (keśava) - O Keśava (O Keśava (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa))

• तथा (tathā) - thus, deeply (thus, so, in that manner)

• पुत्राधीभिः (putrādhībhiḥ) - by intense mental anguish for her son (by mental anguish for sons, by anxieties concerning sons)

• गाढम् (gāḍham) - deeply (deeply, intensely, firmly, strongly)

• आर्ता (ārtā) - afflicted (afflicted, distressed, suffering)

• हि (hi) - for (for, indeed, because)

• आनर्तसत्कृता (ānartasatkṛtā) - honored in the region of Ānarta (honored in Ānarta)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly (certainly, surely, indeed, truly)

(indeclinable)

म्रियते (mriyate) - does not die (dies, is dying)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of mṛ

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Often takes an instrumental agent (e.g., 'by miseries').

दुःखैः (duḥkhaiḥ) - from such profound miseries (by miseries, by sorrows, by sufferings)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of duḥkha

duḥkha - misery, sorrow, suffering, pain

Note: Indicates the cause or means of death.

सा (sā) - that woman (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Subject of 'jīvati'.

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

जीवति (jīvati) - still lives (lives, survives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: jīv (class 1)

केशव (keśava) - O Keśava (O Keśava (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava (an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa), having beautiful hair, slayer of the demon Keśī

Note: Direct address.

तथा (tathā) - thus, deeply (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'ārtā'.

पुत्राधीभिः (putrādhībhiḥ) - by intense mental anguish for her son (by mental anguish for sons, by anxieties concerning sons)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putrādhi

putrādhi - mental anguish for a son, anxiety concerning a son

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+ādhi)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• ādhi – mental pain, anxiety, anguish, distress
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the cause of affliction.

गाढम् (gāḍham) - deeply (deeply, intensely, firmly, strongly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'ārtā'.

आर्ता (ārtā) - afflicted (afflicted, distressed, suffering)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ārta

ārta - afflicted, distressed, suffering, injured

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √ṛ (to go, to move) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sā' (implied subject).

हि (hi) - for (for, indeed, because)

(indeclinable)

आनर्तसत्कृता (ānartasatkṛtā) - honored in the region of Ānarta (honored in Ānarta)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ānartasatKṛta

ānartasatKṛta - honored/treated well in Ānarta

Past Passive Participle

Compound: Ānarta (proper noun) + satkṛta (past passive participle of sat-kṛ, honored)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi or tatpuruṣa (ānarta+satkṛta)

• ānarta – a country/region in western India (Gujarat)
  proper noun (masculine)
• satkṛta – honored, treated well, respected
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √kṛ (to do) with prefix sat- (good, true)
  Prefix: sat
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'sā' (implied subject).