महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-81, verse-11

तत्प्रतिज्ञाय वचनं पाण्डवस्य जनार्दनः ।
शिनेर्नप्तारमासीनमभ्यभाषत सात्यकिम् ॥११॥

11. tatpratijñāya vacanaṁ pāṇḍavasya janārdanaḥ ,
śinernaptāramāsīnamabhyabhāṣata sātyakim.

11. tat pratijñāya vacanam pāṇḍavasya janārdanaḥ
śineḥ naptāram āsīnam abhyabhāṣata sātyakim

11. Having assented to that promise of the Pāṇḍava (Arjuna), Janardana (Kṛṣṇa) then addressed Satyaki, who was seated and was the grandson of Śini.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that, that (promise/statement)

• प्रतिज्ञाय (pratijñāya) - having promised, having assented, having acknowledged

• वचनम् (vacanam) - promise, declaration (word, statement, speech)

• पाण्डवस्य (pāṇḍavasya) - of the son of Pandu, of Arjuna

• जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janardana (an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna)

• शिनेः (śineḥ) - of Śini

• नप्तारम् (naptāram) - grandson, descendant

• आसीनम् (āsīnam) - seated, sitting

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - he addressed, he spoke to

• सात्यकिम् (sātyakim) - to Satyaki

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that, that (promise/statement)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to a statement or promise made earlier, object of pratijñāya

प्रतिज्ञाय (pratijñāya) - having promised, having assented, having acknowledged

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive from √jñā (to know) with prefix prati-

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to Janardana's action

वचनम् (vacanam) - promise, declaration (word, statement, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement, promise

Derived from √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of pratijñāya, qualified by pāṇḍavasya

पाण्डवस्य (pāṇḍavasya) - of the son of Pandu, of Arjuna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pandu, a descendant of Pandu (e.g., Arjuna)

Derived from Paṇḍu (name of a king)

Note: Refers to Arjuna, qualifies vacanam

जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janardana (an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - Janardana, agitator of men, an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna

Compound: jana (people) + ardana (agitator, one who torments/punishes)

Compound type : tatpurusha (jana+ardana)

• jana – person, people, mankind
  noun (masculine)
• ardana – agitating, tormenting, destroying, supplicating
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from √ṛd (to trouble)
  Agent noun from the root √ṛd
  Root: ṛd (class 6)

Note: Subject of abhyabhāṣata

शिनेः (śineḥ) - of Śini

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śini

śini - Śini (name of a Yadava ancestor)

Note: Qualifies naptāram

नप्तारम् (naptāram) - grandson, descendant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naptṛ

naptṛ - grandson, descendant

Note: Object of abhyabhāṣata, qualified by śineḥ and āsīnam

आसीनम् (āsīnam) - seated, sitting

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āsīna

āsīna - seated, sitting

Participle

Derived from √ās (to sit) with the īna suffix, indicating a state of being seated.

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Qualifies naptāram

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - he addressed, he spoke to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhibhāṣ

Imperfect middle 3rd singular of √bhāṣ (to speak) with prefix abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

सात्यकिम् (sātyakim) - to Satyaki

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - Satyaki (a Yadava warrior, grandson of Śini)

Patronymic from Satyak

Note: Object of abhyabhāṣata, referring to the same person as naptāram