महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-264, verse-9

तावृश्यमूकमभ्येत्य बहुमूलफलं गिरिम् ।
गिर्यग्रे वानरान्पञ्च वीरौ ददृशतुस्तदा ॥९॥

9. tāvṛśyamūkamabhyetya bahumūlaphalaṁ girim ,
giryagre vānarānpañca vīrau dadṛśatustadā.

9. tau ṛśyamūkam abhyetya bahumūlaphalaṃ girim
giryagre vānarān pañca vīrau dadṛśatuḥ tadā

9. Then, those two heroes, having reached the Ṛṣyamūka mountain, which was abundant with roots and fruits, saw five monkeys on its peak.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (those two, both (masculine))

• ऋश्यमूकम् (ṛśyamūkam) - Ṛṣyamūka (name of a mountain)

• अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached, having reached

• बहुमूलफलं (bahumūlaphalaṁ) - rich in many roots and fruits

• गिरिम् (girim) - mountain

• गिर्यग्रे (giryagre) - on the peak of Ṛṣyamūka mountain (on the mountain top, on the summit)

• वानरान् (vānarān) - monkeys

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• वीरौ (vīrau) - two heroes, heroic ones

• ददृशतुः (dadṛśatuḥ) - they saw

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (those two, both (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative masculine dual form of tad.

Note: Subject of dadṛśatuḥ.

ऋश्यमूकम् (ṛśyamūkam) - Ṛṣyamūka (name of a mountain)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛśyamūka

ṛśyamūka - Ṛṣyamūka (name of a mountain)

Note: Object of abhyetya.

अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached, having reached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root i (to go) with upasarga abhi. Suffix -ya.

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Indicates prior action.

बहुमूलफलं (bahumūlaphalaṁ) - rich in many roots and fruits

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bahumūlaphala

bahumūlaphala - rich in roots and fruits

Compound noun, qualifying a masculine noun (giri).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+mūla+phala)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective (masculine)
• mūla – root, origin, base
  noun (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result, reward
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies girim.

गिरिम् (girim) - mountain

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill

i-stem masculine noun.

Note: Object of abhyetya. Refers to Ṛṣyamūka mountain.

गिर्यग्रे (giryagre) - on the peak of Ṛṣyamūka mountain (on the mountain top, on the summit)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of giriagra

giriagra - mountain top, summit

Tatpurusha compound (giri + agra).

Compound type : tatpurusha (giri+agra)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• agra – top, summit, front, tip
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location where the monkeys were seen.

वानरान् (vānarān) - monkeys

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

From vana (forest).

Note: Object of dadṛśatuḥ.

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(indeclinable)

Numeral.

Note: Refers to the number of monkeys.

वीरौ (vīrau) - two heroes, heroic ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

Note: Refers to Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa, subject of dadṛśatuḥ.

ददृशतुः (dadṛśatuḥ) - they saw

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Perfect Active

Root dṛś (to see). Reduplicated perfect stem dadṛś-. 3rd person dual ending -atuḥ.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The dual action of seeing performed by Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Temporal adverb derived from tad.