महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-264, verse-69

अस्थिसंचयमारूढो भुञ्जानो मधुपायसम् ।
लक्ष्मणश्च मया दृष्टो निरीक्षन्सर्वतो दिशः ॥६९॥

69. asthisaṁcayamārūḍho bhuñjāno madhupāyasam ,
lakṣmaṇaśca mayā dṛṣṭo nirīkṣansarvato diśaḥ.

69. asthisañcayam ārūḍhaḥ bhuñjānaḥ madhupāyasam
lakṣmaṇaḥ ca mayā dṛṣṭaḥ nirīkṣan sarvataḥ diśaḥ

69. I saw Lakṣmaṇa, who was sitting atop a pile of bones, eating honey-pudding, and looking in all directions.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्थिसञ्चयम् (asthisañcayam) - pile of bones

• आरूढः (ārūḍhaḥ) - having ascended, mounted

• भुञ्जानः (bhuñjānaḥ) - eating, enjoying

• मधुपायसम् (madhupāyasam) - honey-pudding

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa

• च (ca) - and

• मया (mayā) - by me

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen

• निरीक्षन् (nirīkṣan) - looking, surveying

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - on all sides, everywhere

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

Words meanings and morphology

अस्थिसञ्चयम् (asthisañcayam) - pile of bones

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asthisañcaya

asthisañcaya - pile/heap of bones

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (asthi+sañcaya)

• asthi – bone
  noun (neuter)
• sañcaya – heap, pile, accumulation
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `ci` (to gather) with prefix `sam-`.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Direct object for the action of 'ārūḍhaḥ' (having mounted).

आरूढः (ārūḍhaḥ) - having ascended, mounted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārūḍha

ārūḍha - ascended, mounted, climbed

Past Passive Participle

From root `ruh` (to ascend) with prefix `ā-`.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Lakṣmaṇa.

भुञ्जानः (bhuñjānaḥ) - eating, enjoying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhuñjāna

bhuñjāna - eating, enjoying, experiencing

Present Middle Participle

Present participle, middle voice, from root `bhuj` (to enjoy or eat).

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies Lakṣmaṇa, indicating a simultaneous action.

मधुपायसम् (madhupāyasam) - honey-pudding

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhupāyasa

madhupāyasa - honey-pudding, sweet gruel

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (madhu+pāyasa)

• madhu – honey, sweet
  noun (neuter)
• pāyasa – milk-pudding, gruel
  noun (neuter)

Note: Direct object of `bhuñjānaḥ`.

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (brother of Rāma)

Note: Subject of the main clause.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Indicates the agent of the passive participle `dṛṣṭaḥ`.

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, perceived, observed

Past Passive Participle

From root `dṛś` (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Predicates Lakṣmaṇa in the main clause.

निरीक्षन् (nirīkṣan) - looking, surveying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirīkṣat

nirīkṣat - looking, observing, surveying, watching

Present Active Participle

Present participle, active voice, from root `īkṣ` (to see) with prefix `nir-` (out, forth).

Prefix: nis

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Lakṣmaṇa, indicating a simultaneous action.

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - on all sides, everywhere

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies the action of `nirīkṣan`.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, point of the compass

Note: Direct object of `nirīkṣan`.