महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-20, verse-71

अथर्षिरभिसंप्रेक्ष्य स्त्रियं तां जरयान्विताम् ।
चिन्तां परमिकां भेजे संतप्त इव चाभवत् ॥७१॥

71. atharṣirabhisaṁprekṣya striyaṁ tāṁ jarayānvitām ,
cintāṁ paramikāṁ bheje saṁtapta iva cābhavat.

71. atha ṛṣiḥ abhisaṃprekṣya striyam tām jarayā anvitām
| cintām paramikām bheje saṃtaptaḥ iva ca abhavat

71. atha ṛṣiḥ jarayā anvitām tām striyam abhisaṃprekṣya
paramikām cintām bheje ca saṃtaptaḥ iva abhavat

71. Then the sage, having thoroughly observed that woman who was afflicted with old age, fell into deep worry and became as if tormented.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - Indicates sequence of events. (then, next, now)

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - The same sage as in previous verses. (sage, seer)

• अभिसंप्रेक्ष्य (abhisaṁprekṣya) - Having taken a good look at her condition. (having fully observed, having clearly seen)

• स्त्रियम् (striyam) - The woman whom the sage observed. (woman)

• ताम् (tām) - Referring to the woman. (her, that (feminine))

• जरया (jarayā) - The means by which she was afflicted. (by old age, with old age)

• अन्विताम् (anvitām) - "afflicted by old age". (accompanied by, connected with, afflicted by)

• चिन्ताम् (cintām) - "deep worry". (worry, anxiety, thought)

• परमिकाम् (paramikām) - "greatest" or "deep" worry. (highest, utmost, supreme, great)

• भेजे (bheje) - "fell into" or "experienced". (obtained, took, experienced)

• संतप्तः (saṁtaptaḥ) - The sage became distressed. (distressed, tormented, heated)

• इव (iva) - "as if". (like, as, as if)

• च (ca) - "and also". (and, also)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - "became". (became, happened, was)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - Indicates sequence of events. (then, next, now)

(indeclinable)

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - The same sage as in previous verses. (sage, seer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Note: Subject of 'abhisaṃprekṣya' and 'bheje'.

अभिसंप्रेक्ष्य (abhisaṁprekṣya) - Having taken a good look at her condition. (having fully observed, having clearly seen)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dṛś with prefixes abhi-, sam-, pra- and suffix -ya (l-yap).

Prefixes: abhi+sam+pra

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Functions as a non-finite verb.

स्त्रियम् (striyam) - The woman whom the sage observed. (woman)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, female

Note: Object of 'abhisaṃprekṣya'.

ताम् (tām) - Referring to the woman. (her, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

जरया (jarayā) - The means by which she was afflicted. (by old age, with old age)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decrepitude

Root: jṛ (class 9)

Note: Agent/means for 'anvitām'.

अन्विताम् (anvitām) - "afflicted by old age". (accompanied by, connected with, afflicted by)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of anvita

anvita - accompanied by, connected with, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

From root i (to go) with prefix anu- (after) and vi- (apart), or simply anu- + i + kta. More likely anu- + i + ta (pp).

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Adjective modifying 'striyam'.

चिन्ताम् (cintām) - "deep worry". (worry, anxiety, thought)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of cintā

cintā - thought, anxiety, worry, care

From root cit (to think).

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Object of 'bheje'.

परमिकाम् (paramikām) - "greatest" or "deep" worry. (highest, utmost, supreme, great)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paramika

paramika - supreme, highest, ultimate

Feminine accusative singular of paramika, a derivative of parama (highest).

Note: Adjective modifying 'cintām'.

भेजे (bheje) - "fell into" or "experienced". (obtained, took, experienced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of bhaj

Perfect middle third person singular

From root bhaj (1st class, ātmanepada).

Root: bhaj (class 1)

संतप्तः (saṁtaptaḥ) - The sage became distressed. (distressed, tormented, heated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃtapta

saṁtapta - distressed, tormented, agitated, heated

Past Passive Participle

From root tap (to heat, torment) with prefix sam- (completely).

Prefix: sam

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective with 'abhavat'.

इव (iva) - "as if". (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - "and also". (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two main clauses.

अभवत् (abhavat) - "became". (became, happened, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect active third person singular

From root bhū (1st class, parasmaipada) with augment 'a-' for imperfect tense.

Root: bhū (class 1)