महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-13, chapter-20, verse-16
अथोपविष्टयोस्तत्र मणिभद्रपुरोगमाः ।
निषेदुस्तत्र कौबेरा यक्षगन्धर्वराक्षसाः ॥१६॥
निषेदुस्तत्र कौबेरा यक्षगन्धर्वराक्षसाः ॥१६॥
16. athopaviṣṭayostatra maṇibhadrapurogamāḥ ,
niṣedustatra kauberā yakṣagandharvarākṣasāḥ.
niṣedustatra kauberā yakṣagandharvarākṣasāḥ.
16.
atha upaviṣṭayoḥ tatra maṇibhadrapurogamāḥ
niṣeduḥ tatra kauberāḥ yakṣagandharvarākṣasāḥ
niṣeduḥ tatra kauberāḥ yakṣagandharvarākṣasāḥ
16.
atha tatra upaviṣṭayoḥ maṇibhadrapurogamāḥ
kauberāḥ yakṣagandharvarākṣasāḥ tatra niṣeduḥ
kauberāḥ yakṣagandharvarākṣasāḥ tatra niṣeduḥ
16.
Then, as those two were seated there, the attendants of Kubera—namely, the Yakṣas, Gandharvas, and Rākṣasas, led by Maṇibhadra—also took their seats there.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)
- उपविष्टयोः (upaviṣṭayoḥ) - of those two (who were) seated (of the two seated, of the two who have sat down)
- तत्र (tatra) - there (referring to the place where the two were seated) (there, then)
- मणिभद्रपुरोगमाः (maṇibhadrapurogamāḥ) - led by Maṇibhadra (led by Maṇibhadra, having Maṇibhadra as their chief)
- निषेदुः (niṣeduḥ) - they sat down
- तत्र (tatra) - there (where the others were seated) (there, then)
- कौबेराः (kauberāḥ) - Kubera's attendants (belonging to Kubera, Kubera's attendants)
- यक्षगन्धर्वराक्षसाः (yakṣagandharvarākṣasāḥ) - Yakṣas, Gandharvas, and Rākṣasas (as categories of attendants) (Yakṣas, Gandharvas, and Rākṣasas)
Words meanings and morphology
अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)
(indeclinable)
उपविष्टयोः (upaviṣṭayoḥ) - of those two (who were) seated (of the two seated, of the two who have sat down)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, dual of upaviṣṭa
upaviṣṭa - seated, sat down, present, entered
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root viś with prefix upa
Prefix: upa
Root: viś (class 6)
Note: Used in a locative absolute construction, indicating the state of the two main characters.
तत्र (tatra) - there (referring to the place where the two were seated) (there, then)
(indeclinable)
Derived from pronominal stem 'tad' + suffix 'tra'.
मणिभद्रपुरोगमाः (maṇibhadrapurogamāḥ) - led by Maṇibhadra (led by Maṇibhadra, having Maṇibhadra as their chief)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of maṇibhadrapurogama
maṇibhadrapurogama - led by Maṇibhadra, preceded by Maṇibhadra
Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (maṇibhadra+purogama)
- maṇibhadra – a proper name, a prominent Yakṣa
proper noun (masculine) - purogama – going before, leading, preceded by
adjective (masculine)
Prefix: puras
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Refers to the Yakṣas, Gandharvas, and Rākṣasas.
निषेदुः (niṣeduḥ) - they sat down
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of niṣad
Imperfect
3rd person plural, from root sad with prefix ni
Prefix: ni
Root: sad (class 1)
तत्र (tatra) - there (where the others were seated) (there, then)
(indeclinable)
Derived from pronominal stem 'tad' + suffix 'tra'.
कौबेराः (kauberāḥ) - Kubera's attendants (belonging to Kubera, Kubera's attendants)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kaubera
kaubera - belonging to Kubera, relating to Kubera, a follower of Kubera
Vr̥ddhi derivative from Kubera
Note: Subject of 'niṣeduḥ', along with the following compound noun.
यक्षगन्धर्वराक्षसाः (yakṣagandharvarākṣasāḥ) - Yakṣas, Gandharvas, and Rākṣasas (as categories of attendants) (Yakṣas, Gandharvas, and Rākṣasas)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yakṣagandharvarākṣasa
yakṣagandharvarākṣasa - Yakṣas, Gandharvas, and Rākṣasas (a collective term)
Compound type : Dvandva (yakṣa+gandharva+rākṣasa)
- yakṣa – a class of benevolent nature-spirits, often guardians of treasures
noun (masculine) - gandharva – celestial musicians and dancers, spirits of the air
noun (masculine) - rākṣasa – demonic beings, often hostile, but sometimes benevolent
noun (masculine)
Note: Part of the compound subject, referring to the types of attendants.