महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-63, verse-8

तौ रथौ संप्रसक्तौ च दृष्ट्वा भारत पार्थिवाः ।
सिंहनादरवांश्चक्रुः साधुवादांश्च पुष्कलान् ॥८॥

8. tau rathau saṁprasaktau ca dṛṣṭvā bhārata pārthivāḥ ,
siṁhanādaravāṁścakruḥ sādhuvādāṁśca puṣkalān.

8. tau rathau sampasaktāu ca dṛṣṭvā bhārata pārthivāḥ
| siṃhanādaravān cakruḥ sādhuvādān ca puṣkalān

8. bhārata,
pārthivāḥ tau rathau sampasaktāu ca dṛṣṭvā siṃhanādaravān ca puṣkalān sādhuvādān cakruḥ

8. O descendant of Bharata (bhārata), having seen those two chariots closely engaged, the kings let out lion-like roars and abundant shouts of approval.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two, them two

• रथौ (rathau) - two chariots

• सम्पसक्ताउ (sampasaktāu) - closely engaged, in close contact, clinging together

• च (ca) - and, also

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, upon seeing

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata

• पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings, rulers of the earth

• सिंहनादरवान् (siṁhanādaravān) - lion's roars

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made, they did

• साधुवादान् (sādhuvādān) - exclamations of approval, praises, good words

• च (ca) - and, also

• पुष्कलान् (puṣkalān) - abundant, magnificent, excellent

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two, them two

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the two chariots, object of dṛṣṭvā.

रथौ (rathau) - two chariots

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā, agreeing with tau.

सम्पसक्ताउ (sampasaktāu) - closely engaged, in close contact, clinging together

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of sampasakta

sampasakta - closely joined, tightly attached, clinging to

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root sañj 'to cling to, attach oneself to' with upasargas sam- + pra-.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tau rathau' in case, number, and gender.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, upon seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dṛś (class 1) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Indicates a prior action by the kings.

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to India

Patronymic from Bharata. Common vocative in epic literature.

पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings, rulers of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler of the earth, earthly

Derived from pṛthivī (earth) + -a (secondary suffix).

सिंहनादरवान् (siṁhanādaravān) - lion's roars

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of siṃhanādarava

siṁhanādarava - sound of a lion's roar, a roaring sound like a lion's

Compound of siṃha-nāda (lion's roar) and rava (sound).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (siṃha+nāda+rava)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• nāda – roar, shout, sound
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root nad 'to roar'.
  Root: nad (class 1)
• rava – sound, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root ru 'to cry out'.
  Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Object of cakruḥ.

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made, they did

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of kṛ

Perfect (Lit)

Perfect active third person plural of root kṛ (class 8).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

साधुवादान् (sādhuvādān) - exclamations of approval, praises, good words

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sādhuvāda

sādhuvāda - exclamation of approval, applause, praise

Compound of sādhu (good, excellent) and vāda (speech, expression).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sādhu+vāda)

• sādhu – good, excellent, virtuous
  adjective (masculine)
• vāda – speech, saying, expression, talk
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root vad 'to speak'.
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Object of cakruḥ, parallel to siṃhanādaravān.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पुष्कलान् (puṣkalān) - abundant, magnificent, excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of puṣkala

puṣkala - abundant, plentiful, magnificent, excellent

Note: Agrees with sādhuvādān.