महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-63, verse-13

तौ दृष्ट्वा पुरुषव्याघ्रौ रथस्थौ रथिनां वरौ ।
प्रगृहीतमहाचापौ शरशक्तिगदायुधौ ॥१३॥

13. tau dṛṣṭvā puruṣavyāghrau rathasthau rathināṁ varau ,
pragṛhītamahācāpau śaraśaktigadāyudhau.

13. tau dṛṣṭvā puruṣavyāghrau rathasthau rathinām
varau pragṛhītamahācāpau śaraśaktigadāyudhau

13. tau puruṣavyāghrau rathasthau rathinām varau
pragṛhītamahācāpau śaraśaktigadāyudhau dṛṣṭvā

13. Having seen those two, who were like tigers among men (puruṣavyāghrau), the best among charioteers, standing on their chariots, holding their great bows, and armed with arrows, spears, and maces.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• पुरुषव्याघ्रौ (puruṣavyāghrau) - two tigers among men, two excellent men

• रथस्थौ (rathasthau) - two standing on chariots, two chariot-dwellers

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

• वरौ (varau) - two best, two excellent ones

• प्रगृहीतमहाचापौ (pragṛhītamahācāpau) - two holding great bows, two with great bows grasped

• शरशक्तिगदायुधौ (śaraśaktigadāyudhau) - two armed with arrows, spears, and maces

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can also be accusative dual masculine

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Derived from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पुरुषव्याघ्रौ (puruṣavyāghrau) - two tigers among men, two excellent men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, an excellent man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, person, male
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Can also be accusative dual masculine

रथस्थौ (rathasthau) - two standing on chariots, two chariot-dwellers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rathastha

rathastha - standing on a chariot

Derived from ratha and stha (standing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+stha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Can also be accusative dual masculine

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

Derived from ratha with suffix -in

वरौ (varau) - two best, two excellent ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vara

vara - best, excellent, choice, boon

Note: Can also be accusative dual masculine

प्रगृहीतमहाचापौ (pragṛhītamahācāpau) - two holding great bows, two with great bows grasped

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pragṛhītamahācāpa

pragṛhītamahācāpa - having great bows grasped/held

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pragṛhīta+mahācāpa)

• pragṛhīta – grasped, held, seized
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root grah with upasarga pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: grah (class 9)
• mahācāpa – great bow
  noun (neuter)

Note: Can also be accusative dual masculine

शरशक्तिगदायुधौ (śaraśaktigadāyudhau) - two armed with arrows, spears, and maces

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śaraśaktigadāyudha

śaraśaktigadāyudha - having arrows, spears, and maces as weapons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śaraśaktigadā+āyudha)

• śaraśaktigadā – arrows, spears, and maces
  noun (feminine)
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)

Note: Can also be accusative dual masculine