महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-63, verse-23

धार्तराष्ट्रास्ततः कर्णं सबला भरतर्षभ ।
परिवव्रुर्महात्मानं क्षिप्रमाहवशोभिनम् ॥२३॥

23. dhārtarāṣṭrāstataḥ karṇaṁ sabalā bharatarṣabha ,
parivavrurmahātmānaṁ kṣipramāhavaśobhinam.

23. dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ tataḥ karṇam sabalāḥ bharatarṣabha
| parivavruḥ mahātmānam kṣipram āhavaśobhinam

23. bharatarṣabha tataḥ sabalāḥ dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ kṣipram
mahātmānam āhavaśobhinam karṇam parivavruḥ

23. O best of Bhāratas, then the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, along with their forces, swiftly surrounded the great-souled (ātman) Karṇa, who was resplendent (śobhinam) in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Kauravas

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa

• सबलाः (sabalāḥ) - referring to the Dhārtarāṣṭras (with their forces, accompanied by strength/army)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of Bhāratas, O bull among Bhāratas)

• परिवव्रुः (parivavruḥ) - they surrounded

• महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the great-souled Karṇa (the great-souled one)

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - swiftly, quickly, immediately

• आहवशोभिनम् (āhavaśobhinam) - Karṇa, who was resplendent in battle (shining in battle, resplendent in combat)

Words meanings and morphology

धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Kauravas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

taddhita derivation from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

(indeclinable)

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name), ear

सबलाः (sabalāḥ) - referring to the Dhārtarāṣṭras (with their forces, accompanied by strength/army)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sabala

sabala - with strength, with an army

bahuvrihi compound with sa- (with) and bala (strength/army)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+bala)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• bala – strength, force, army
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the Dhārtarāṣṭras.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of Bhāratas, O bull among Bhāratas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bhāratas, excellent Bhārata

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata (name of an ancient king), a member of the Bhārata clan
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

परिवव्रुः (parivavruḥ) - they surrounded

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of parivṛ

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the great-souled Karṇa (the great-souled one)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, eminent, a great (ātman)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes Karṇa.

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - swiftly, quickly, immediately

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb.

आहवशोभिनम् (āhavaśobhinam) - Karṇa, who was resplendent in battle (shining in battle, resplendent in combat)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āhavaśobhin

āhavaśobhin - shining in battle, glorious in war

agent noun

from āhava (battle) + √śubh (to shine) + -in

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āhava+śobhin)

• āhava – battle, combat, war
  noun (masculine)
• śobhin – shining, beautiful, glorious
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  suffix -in
  Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Describes Karṇa.