महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-7, chapter-87, verse-74
तं दृष्ट्वा प्रविविक्षन्तं सैन्यं तव जनाधिप ।
भूय एवाभवन्मूढं सुभृशं चाप्यकम्पत ॥७४॥
भूय एवाभवन्मूढं सुभृशं चाप्यकम्पत ॥७४॥
74. taṁ dṛṣṭvā pravivikṣantaṁ sainyaṁ tava janādhipa ,
bhūya evābhavanmūḍhaṁ subhṛśaṁ cāpyakampata.
bhūya evābhavanmūḍhaṁ subhṛśaṁ cāpyakampata.
74.
tam dṛṣṭvā pravivikṣantam sainyam tava janādhipa
bhūya eva abhavat mūḍham subhṛśam ca api akampata
bhūya eva abhavat mūḍham subhṛśam ca api akampata
74.
janādhipa,
tam tava sainyam pravivikṣantam dṛṣṭvā,
[tava sainyam] bhūya eva mūḍham abhavat,
ca api subhṛśam akampata.
tam tava sainyam pravivikṣantam dṛṣṭvā,
[tava sainyam] bhūya eva mūḍham abhavat,
ca api subhṛśam akampata.
74.
O lord of men, having seen him attempting to penetrate your army, it (your army) became bewildered once more and trembled greatly.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तम् (tam) - Satyakī or Yudhiṣṭhira, depending on the immediate preceding context, but likely Satyakī based on the next verse. (him, that (masculine singular))
- दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing
- प्रविविक्षन्तम् (pravivikṣantam) - desiring to enter, attempting to penetrate
- सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host
- तव (tava) - your, of you
- जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (lord of men, king)
- भूय (bhūya) - again, further, once more
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
- अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it was
- मूढम् (mūḍham) - bewildered (modifying 'army') (bewildered, confused, foolish)
- सुभृशम् (subhṛśam) - very much, greatly, extremely
- च (ca) - and
- अपि (api) - also, even
- अकम्पत (akampata) - it trembled, it shook
Words meanings and morphology
तम् (tam) - Satyakī or Yudhiṣṭhira, depending on the immediate preceding context, but likely Satyakī based on the next verse. (him, that (masculine singular))
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing
(indeclinable)
absolutive
Derived from root dṛś (to see) with suffix -ktvā
Root: dṛś (class 1)
प्रविविक्षन्तम् (pravivikṣantam) - desiring to enter, attempting to penetrate
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of pravivikṣant
pravivikṣant - desiring to enter, wishing to penetrate
present active participle (desiderative)
Derived from desiderative stem of root viś (to enter) with prefixes pra-vi, and suffix -śatṛ
Prefixes: pra+vi
Root: viś (class 6)
सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya
sainya - army, host, military force
Derived from senā (army)
तव (tava) - your, of you
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (pronoun)
जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (lord of men, king)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of janādhipa
janādhipa - lord of men, ruler, king
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+adhipa)
- jana – person, man, people
noun (masculine) - adhipa – ruler, lord, master
noun (masculine)
भूय (bhūya) - again, further, once more
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
(indeclinable)
अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it was
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū
imperfect
imperfect 3rd person singular, parasmaipada of root bhū
Root: bhū (class 1)
मूढम् (mūḍham) - bewildered (modifying 'army') (bewildered, confused, foolish)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of mūḍha
mūḍha - bewildered, perplexed, confused, foolish, ignorant
past passive participle
Derived from root muh (to be bewildered, confused) with suffix -kta
Root: muh (class 4)
सुभृशम् (subhṛśam) - very much, greatly, extremely
(indeclinable)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+bhṛśam)
- su – good, well, very, excellent
indeclinable - bhṛśam – much, strong, intense, violent; greatly, exceedingly
indeclinable
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - also, even
(indeclinable)
अकम्पत (akampata) - it trembled, it shook
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of kamp
imperfect
imperfect 3rd person singular, ātmanepada of root kamp
Root: kamp (class 1)