महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-87, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
धर्मराजस्य तद्वाक्यं निशम्य शिनिपुंगवः ।
पार्थाच्च भयमाशङ्कन्परित्यागान्महीपतेः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
dharmarājasya tadvākyaṁ niśamya śinipuṁgavaḥ ,
pārthācca bhayamāśaṅkanparityāgānmahīpateḥ.

1. saṃjaya uvāca dharmarājasya tat vākyam niśamya śinipuṅgavaḥ
pārthāt ca bhayam āśaṅkan parityāgāt mahīpateḥ

1. saṃjaya uvāca śinipuṅgavaḥ dharmarājasya tat vākyam
niśamya pārthāt ca mahīpateḥ parityāgāt bhayam āśaṅkan

1. Sanjaya said: Having heard that statement from the King of Righteousness (Dharmarāja), Satyakī, the foremost among the Śinis, apprehended fear from Arjuna and from being forsaken by the king.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of King Yudhiṣṭhira (of the king of natural law, of Yudhiṣṭhira)

• तत् (tat) - his (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira's) (that, his)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement (word, speech, statement)

• निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard (having heard, after hearing)

• शिनिपुङ्गवः (śinipuṅgavaḥ) - Satyakī, the foremost among the Śinis (bull among the Śinis, excellent Śini, Satyakī)

• पार्थात् (pārthāt) - from Arjuna (from Pārtha, from Arjuna)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear (fear, danger)

• आशङ्कन् (āśaṅkan) - apprehending (fearing, apprehending, suspecting)

• परित्यागात् (parityāgāt) - from being forsaken (from abandonment, due to forsaking)

• महीपतेः (mahīpateḥ) - by the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) (of the king, from the king)

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (proper name)

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active

3rd person singular Perfect active, root vac (changed to uvāc in perfect)

Root: vac (class 2)

धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of King Yudhiṣṭhira (of the king of natural law, of Yudhiṣṭhira)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of natural law (dharma), Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

तत् (tat) - his (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira's) (that, his)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement (word, speech, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, statement, sentence

Derived from vac "to speak".

Root: vac (class 2)

निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard (having heard, after hearing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with prefix ni- and root śam, with -ya suffix for absolutive.

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 1)

शिनिपुङ्गवः (śinipuṅgavaḥ) - Satyakī, the foremost among the Śinis (bull among the Śinis, excellent Śini, Satyakī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śinipuṅgava

śinipuṅgava - bull among the Śinis (an epithet for Satyakī), best of the Śinis

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śini+puṅgava)

• śini – name of an ancestor of the Vṛṣṇis, member of the Śini clan
  proper noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, excellent one, foremost
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Satyakī.

पार्थात् (pārthāt) - from Arjuna (from Pārtha, from Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

भयम् (bhayam) - fear (fear, danger)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, fright, danger

From root bhī "to fear".

Root: bhī (class 3)

आशङ्कन् (āśaṅkan) - apprehending (fearing, apprehending, suspecting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āśaṅk

āśaṅk - to fear, to apprehend, to suspect

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle, masculine singular nominative, root śaṅk with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṅk (class 1)

Note: Present active participle.

परित्यागात् (parityāgāt) - from being forsaken (from abandonment, due to forsaking)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of parityāga

parityāga - abandonment, forsaking, giving up

From prefix pari- and root tyaj "to abandon".

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)

महीपतेः (mahīpateḥ) - by the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) (of the king, from the king)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - lord of the earth, king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: The ablative mahīpateḥ is dependent on parityāgāt, indicating the agent of the abandonment.