महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-87, verse-57

महाध्वजेन सिंहेन हेमकेसरमालिना ।
संवृते केतनैर्हेमैर्मणिविद्रुमचित्रितैः ।
पाण्डुराभ्रप्रकाशाभिः पताकाभिरलंकृते ॥५७॥

57. mahādhvajena siṁhena hemakesaramālinā ,
saṁvṛte ketanairhemairmaṇividrumacitritaiḥ ,
pāṇḍurābhraprakāśābhiḥ patākābhiralaṁkṛte.

57. mahādhvajena siṃhena hemakesaramālinā
saṃvṛte ketanaiḥ hemaiḥ
maṇividrumacitraiḥ
pāṇḍurābhraprakāśābhiḥ patākābhiḥ alaṃkṛte

57. mahādhvajena siṃhena hemakesaramālinā
ketanaiḥ hemaiḥ
maṇividrumacitraiḥ pāṇḍurābhraprakāśābhiḥ
patākābhiḥ saṃvṛte alaṃkṛte

57. Adorned with a magnificent banner depicting a lion with a golden mane, covered with golden standards embellished with jewels and coral, and further decorated with pennants shining like white clouds.

Words meanings summery:

• महाध्वजेन (mahādhvajena) - by a great banner, with a great banner

• सिंहेन (siṁhena) - with a lion emblem or figure (by a lion, with a lion)

• हेमकेसरमालिना (hemakesaramālinā) - with a golden mane, adorned with a golden mane

• संवृते (saṁvṛte) - (in a chariot) covered (covered, enveloped, adorned)

• केतनैः (ketanaiḥ) - by standards, with standards

• हेमैः (hemaiḥ) - with golden standards (with golden (ones))

• मणिविद्रुमचित्रैः (maṇividrumacitraiḥ) - with golden standards decorated with jewels and coral (with those decorated with jewels and coral)

• पाण्डुराभ्रप्रकाशाभिः (pāṇḍurābhraprakāśābhiḥ) - with pennants shining like white clouds (with those shining like white clouds)

• पताकाभिः (patākābhiḥ) - by pennants, with pennants

• अलंकृते (alaṁkṛte) - (in a chariot) adorned (adorned, decorated)

Words meanings and morphology

महाध्वजेन (mahādhvajena) - by a great banner, with a great banner

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahādhvaja

mahādhvaja - great banner/standard

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+dhvaja)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes the chariot implicitly.

सिंहेन (siṁhena) - with a lion emblem or figure (by a lion, with a lion)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion

Note: Refers to a lion figure or emblem on the banner/chariot.

हेमकेसरमालिना (hemakesaramālinā) - with a golden mane, adorned with a golden mane

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hemakesaramālin

hemakesaramālin - adorned with a golden mane, having a golden mane

Derived from `hemakesara` (golden mane) + `mālin` (having a garland/mane).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (heman+kesara+mālin)

• heman – gold
  noun (neuter)
• kesara – mane (of a lion), stamen (of a flower)
  noun (masculine)
• mālin – adorned with a garland, having a garland
  adjective (masculine)
  From `mālā` (garland) + `in` (possessive suffix). In this compound, it means 'having a golden mane'.

संवृते (saṁvṛte) - (in a chariot) covered (covered, enveloped, adorned)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, enveloped, surrounded, adorned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `vṛ` (to cover) with prefix `sam-`.

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

केतनैः (ketanaiḥ) - by standards, with standards

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of ketana

ketana - standard, banner, flag, ensign

Root: kit (class 10)

Note: Refers to golden standards.

हेमैः (hemaiḥ) - with golden standards (with golden (ones))

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of heman

heman - golden, made of gold

Adjective from `heman` (gold).

Note: Agrees with `ketanaiḥ`.

मणिविद्रुमचित्रैः (maṇividrumacitraiḥ) - with golden standards decorated with jewels and coral (with those decorated with jewels and coral)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of maṇividrumacitra

maṇividrumacitra - decorated with jewels and coral

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (maṇi+vidruma+citra)

• maṇi – jewel, gem
  noun (masculine)
• vidruma – coral
  noun (masculine)
• citra – decorated, variegated, painted, wonderful
  adjective

पाण्डुराभ्रप्रकाशाभिः (pāṇḍurābhraprakāśābhiḥ) - with pennants shining like white clouds (with those shining like white clouds)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of pāṇḍurābhraprakāśa

pāṇḍurābhraprakāśa - shining like white clouds

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍura+abhra+prakāśa)

• pāṇḍura – white, pale
  adjective
• abhra – cloud
  noun (neuter)
• prakāśa – shining, bright, splendor
  noun (masculine)
  From root `kaś` with prefix `pra` (to shine).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: kaś (class 1)

पताकाभिः (patākābhiḥ) - by pennants, with pennants

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of patākā

patākā - pennant, flag, banner, streamer

अलंकृते (alaṁkṛte) - (in a chariot) adorned (adorned, decorated)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of alaṃkṛta

alaṁkṛta - adorned, decorated, embellished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `kṛ` (to do) with prefix `alam-`.

Prefix: alam

Root: kṛ (class 8)