महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-87, verse-47

अस्मिंस्तु खलु संग्रामे ग्राह्यं विविधमायुधम् ।
यथोपदिष्टमाचार्यैः कार्यः पञ्चगुणो रथः ॥४७॥

47. asmiṁstu khalu saṁgrāme grāhyaṁ vividhamāyudham ,
yathopadiṣṭamācāryaiḥ kāryaḥ pañcaguṇo rathaḥ.

47. asmin tu khalu saṃgrāme grāhyam vividham āyudham
yathopadiṣṭam ācāryaiḥ kāryaḥ pañcaguṇaḥ rathaḥ

47. tu khalu asmin saṃgrāme vividham āyudham grāhyam; ācāryaiḥ yathopadiṣṭam pañcaguṇaḥ rathaḥ kāryaḥ.

47. Moreover, in this battle, various weapons should certainly be taken. The chariot should be made five-fold, as instructed by the preceptors.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (battle) (in this)

• तु (tu) - moreover (but, indeed, moreover)

• खलु (khalu) - certainly (indeed, certainly)

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in this battle (in battle, in war)

• ग्राह्यम् (grāhyam) - should be taken (to be taken, to be grasped, worthy of being taken)

• विविधम् (vividham) - various (various, diverse)

• आयुधम् (āyudham) - weapon (weapon, implement)

• यथोपदिष्टम् (yathopadiṣṭam) - as instructed (as instructed, as taught)

• आचार्यैः (ācāryaiḥ) - by the preceptors (by the teachers, by the preceptors)

• कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - should be made (to be done, to be made, practicable)

• पञ्चगुणः (pañcaguṇaḥ) - five-fold (referring to some characteristic of the chariot, e.g., reinforced, or equipped with five specific things) (five-fold, having five qualities)

• रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot

Words meanings and morphology

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (battle) (in this)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Locative singular masculine of `idam`.

Note: Adjectivally modifies `saṃgrāme`.

तु (tu) - moreover (but, indeed, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction, often indicating emphasis or transition.

खलु (khalu) - certainly (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in this battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, combat, war, conflict

From `sam-grām` (to fight together).

Prefix: sam

Root: grām

ग्राह्यम् (grāhyam) - should be taken (to be taken, to be grasped, worthy of being taken)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of grāhya

grāhya - to be taken, to be grasped, acceptable, comprehensible

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Formed from root `grah` + suffix `-ya`.

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Agrees with `āyudham`.

विविधम् (vividham) - various (various, diverse)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold, different

Note: Agrees with `āyudham`.

आयुधम् (āyudham) - weapon (weapon, implement)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āyudha

āyudha - weapon, arm, implement, tool

From `ā-yudh` (to fight).

Prefix: ā

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of the passive construction `grāhyam`.

यथोपदिष्टम् (yathopadiṣṭam) - as instructed (as instructed, as taught)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle (adverbial use)

Compound of `yathā` (as) and `upadiṣṭa` (PPP of `upa-diś`, instructed).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+upadiṣṭa)

• yathā – as, like, according to
  indeclinable
• upadiṣṭa – instructed, taught, advised
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `diś` with prefix `upa`.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: diś (class 6)

आचार्यैः (ācāryaiḥ) - by the preceptors (by the teachers, by the preceptors)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ācārya

ācārya - teacher, preceptor, master, instructor

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Agent in the passive construction 'as instructed by'.

कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - should be made (to be done, to be made, practicable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, to be made, duty, business, purpose

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Formed from root `kṛ` + suffix `-ya`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with `rathaḥ`.

पञ्चगुणः (pañcaguṇaḥ) - five-fold (referring to some characteristic of the chariot, e.g., reinforced, or equipped with five specific things) (five-fold, having five qualities)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pañcaguṇa

pañcaguṇa - five-fold, five-stringed, having five qualities or threads

Compound type : dvigu / bahuvrīhi (pañcan+guṇa)

• pañcan – five
  numeral
• guṇa – quality, attribute, excellence, string, multiplier, fold
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `rathaḥ`.

रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive construction `kāryaḥ`.