महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-87, verse-28

किरातराजो यान्प्रादाद्गृहीतः सव्यसाचिना ।
स्वलंकृतांस्तथा प्रेष्यानिच्छञ्जीवितमात्मनः ॥२८॥

28. kirātarājo yānprādādgṛhītaḥ savyasācinā ,
svalaṁkṛtāṁstathā preṣyānicchañjīvitamātmanaḥ.

28. kirāta-rājaḥ yān prādāt gṛhītaḥ savyasācinā
su-alaṅkṛtān tathā preṣyān icchan jīvitam ātmanaḥ

28. savyasācinā gṛhītaḥ kirāta-rājaḥ ātmanaḥ jīvitam icchan,
yān su-alaṅkṛtān tathā preṣyān prādāt

28. ...whom the Kirata king, captured by Savyasachin (Arjuna) and wishing for his own life (ātman), gave as well-adorned servants.

Words meanings summery:

• किरात-राजः (kirāta-rājaḥ) - the Kirata king

• यान् (yān) - whom, which

• प्रादात् (prādāt) - he gave, he bestowed

• गृहीतः (gṛhītaḥ) - captured (by Arjuna) (captured, seized, taken)

• सव्यसाचिना (savyasācinā) - by Savyasachin, by Arjuna

• सु-अलङ्कृतान् (su-alaṅkṛtān) - well-adorned, well-decorated

• तथा (tathā) - thus, and, also

• प्रेष्यान् (preṣyān) - as servants (servants, those to be sent)

• इच्छन् (icchan) - wishing, desiring

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - his own life (life, existence)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - his own (the Kirata king's) life (of the self, his own)

Words meanings and morphology

किरात-राजः (kirāta-rājaḥ) - the Kirata king

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kirāta-rāja

kirāta-rāja - king of the Kiratas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kirāta+rājan)

• kirāta – a member of a mountain tribe, a Kirata
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'prādāt'.

यान् (yān) - whom, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Relative pronoun referring to the elephants (implied from the previous verse).

प्रादात् (prādāt) - he gave, he bestowed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past (luṅ) of pradā

Aorist (Past Tense)

Derived from root dā with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: The main verb of the relative clause.

गृहीतः (gṛhītaḥ) - captured (by Arjuna) (captured, seized, taken)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛhīta

gṛhīta - taken, seized, captured, received

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root grah with suffix -ta

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'kirāta-rājaḥ'.

सव्यसाचिना (savyasācinā) - by Savyasachin, by Arjuna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of savyasācin

savyasācin - ambidextrous archer; an epithet of Arjuna

Compound 'savya' (left) + 'sācin' (shooting).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (savya+sācin)

• savya – left (hand), reverse, auspicious
  adjective (masculine)
• sācin – one who shoots or throws
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root sac (to shoot) or from sā (to bind) in compound sense.
  Root: sac (class 7)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'gṛhītaḥ'.

सु-अलङ्कृतान् (su-alaṅkṛtān) - well-adorned, well-decorated

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of su-alaṅkṛta

su-alaṅkṛta - well-adorned, beautifully decorated

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+alaṅkṛta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'good' or 'well'
• alaṅkṛta – decorated, adorned, embellished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ with prefix alam-
  Prefix: alam
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'yān' (the elephants/servants).

तथा (tathā) - thus, and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects descriptions.

प्रेष्यान् (preṣyān) - as servants (servants, those to be sent)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of preṣya

preṣya - to be sent, to be ordered; a messenger, servant, dependent

Gerundive (future passive participle)

Derived from root iṣ (or i) with prefix pra- and suffix -ya

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'yān' (the elephants, which are given as servants).

इच्छन् (icchan) - wishing, desiring

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of icchat

icchat - wishing, desiring

Present Active Participle

Derived from root iṣ (to wish)

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Denotes a simultaneous action with 'prādāt'.

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - his own life (life, existence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, existence; living

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

Derived from root jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - his own (the Kirata king's) life (of the self, his own)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, spirit, breath

Note: Possessive for 'jīvitam'.