महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-67, verse-7

तं द्रोणः पञ्चविंशत्या मर्मभिद्भिरजिह्मगैः ।
अन्तेवासिनमाचार्यो महेष्वासं समर्दयत् ॥७॥

7. taṁ droṇaḥ pañcaviṁśatyā marmabhidbhirajihmagaiḥ ,
antevāsinamācāryo maheṣvāsaṁ samardayat.

7. tam droṇaḥ pañcaviṃśatyā marmabhidbhiḥ ajihmagaiḥ
antevāsinam ācāryaḥ maheṣvāsam samardayat

7. droṇaḥ ācāryaḥ tam antevāsinam maheṣvāsam
pañcaviṃśatyā marmabhidbhiḥ ajihmagaiḥ samardayat

7. Drona, the teacher, attacked his own disciple, the great archer, with twenty-five unerring arrows that pierced vital spots.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Arjuna) (him, that)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

• पञ्चविंशत्या (pañcaviṁśatyā) - with twenty-five arrows (with twenty-five)

• मर्मभिद्भिः (marmabhidbhiḥ) - with arrows piercing vital spots (piercing vital spots)

• अजिह्मगैः (ajihmagaiḥ) - with unerring arrows (with unerring, not crooked-going)

• अन्तेवासिनम् (antevāsinam) - his disciple (Arjuna) (his disciple, student)

• आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - Drona, the teacher (the teacher)

• महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - the great archer (Arjuna) (the great archer)

• समर्दयत् (samardayat) - afflicted (Arjuna) (afflicted, tormented, crushed)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Arjuna) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of the teacher and warrior)

पञ्चविंशत्या (pañcaviṁśatyā) - with twenty-five arrows (with twenty-five)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of pañcaviṃśati

pañcaviṁśati - twenty-five

मर्मभिद्भिः (marmabhidbhiḥ) - with arrows piercing vital spots (piercing vital spots)

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of marmabhit

marmabhit - piercing vital spots, striking vulnerable points

Agent Noun/Adjective

From `marman` (vital spot) + `√bhid` (to pierce, break)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (marman+bhid)

• marman – vital spot, vulnerable point
  noun (neuter)
• bhid – piercing, breaking
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from √bhid
  Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'ajihmagaiḥ' (referring to arrows)

अजिह्मगैः (ajihmagaiḥ) - with unerring arrows (with unerring, not crooked-going)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ajihmaga

ajihmaga - unerring, straight-going, not crooked

From `a` (not) + `jihmaga` (crooked-going)

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpurusha (a+jihmaga)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• jihmaga – crooked-going, winding
  adjective
  From `jihma` (crooked) + `√gam` (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to arrows, implied by context

अन्तेवासिनम् (antevāsinam) - his disciple (Arjuna) (his disciple, student)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of antevāsin

antevāsin - resident student, disciple, one who dwells near (a teacher)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (anta+vāsin)

• anta – near, proximity, end
  noun
• vāsin – dweller, resident
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from √vas
  From `√vas` (to dwell) + `ṇin` suffix
  Root: vas (class 1)

आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - Drona, the teacher (the teacher)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide

महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - the great archer (Arjuna) (the great archer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one with a mighty bow

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (mahā+īṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• īṣvāsa – bow (of an archer), archer
  noun (masculine)
  From `īṣu` (arrow) + `āsa` (thrower/bow, from `√as` to throw)

समर्दयत् (samardayat) - afflicted (Arjuna) (afflicted, tormented, crushed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samard

Causative form

`sam-` (prefix) + `√ṛd` (to pain, hurt, oppress) in causative (`ardayati`). Imp. 3rd sg.

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛd (class 1)