महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-67, verse-57

पतमानस्तु स बभौ पर्णाशायाः प्रियः सुतः ।
संभग्न इव वातेन बहुशाखो वनस्पतिः ॥५७॥

57. patamānastu sa babhau parṇāśāyāḥ priyaḥ sutaḥ ,
saṁbhagna iva vātena bahuśākho vanaspatiḥ.

57. patamānaḥ tu sa babhau parṇāśāyāḥ priyaḥ sutaḥ
saṃbhagnaḥ iva vātena bahuśākhaḥ vanaspatiḥ

57. tu sa parṇāśāyāḥ priyaḥ sutaḥ patamānaḥ vātena
saṃbhagnaḥ bahuśākhaḥ vanaspatiḥ iva babhau

57. But as he fell, that dear son of Parṇāśā appeared like a many-branched tree broken by the wind.

Words meanings summery:

• पतमानः (patamānaḥ) - while he was falling (falling, falling down)

• तु (tu) - but (indicating a slight contrast or continuation) (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• स (sa) - he (Śrutāyudha) (he, that (masculine))

• बभौ (babhau) - he appeared (like) (he/she/it shone, appeared)

• पर्णाशायाः (parṇāśāyāḥ) - of the river goddess Parṇāśā (Śrutāyudha's mother) (of Parṇāśā)

• प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear (son) (dear, beloved, favorite)

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son (of Parṇāśā) (son, born)

• संभग्नः (saṁbhagnaḥ) - shattered (by the wind) (broken, shattered, destroyed)

• इव (iva) - like (comparison) (like, as if, as)

• वातेन (vātena) - by the force of the wind (by the wind)

• बहुशाखः (bahuśākhaḥ) - having many branches (many-branched)

• वनस्पतिः (vanaspatiḥ) - a large tree (tree, forest lord)

Words meanings and morphology

पतमानः (patamānaḥ) - while he was falling (falling, falling down)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patamāna

patamāna - falling, descending

Present Active Participle

From root pat (class 1) with śānac suffix.

Root: pat (class 1)

तु (tu) - but (indicating a slight contrast or continuation) (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - he (Śrutāyudha) (he, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

बभौ (babhau) - he appeared (like) (he/she/it shone, appeared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhā

Third person singular Perfect active of root bhā (class 2).

Root: bhā (class 2)

पर्णाशायाः (parṇāśāyāḥ) - of the river goddess Parṇāśā (Śrutāyudha's mother) (of Parṇāśā)

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of parṇāśā

parṇāśā - Name of a river, personified as a goddess and mother of Śrutāyudha.

प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear (son) (dear, beloved, favorite)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, favorite

Note: Agrees with `sutaḥ`.

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son (of Parṇāśā) (son, born)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, born, produced

From root sū (class 2).

Root: sū (class 2)

संभग्नः (saṁbhagnaḥ) - shattered (by the wind) (broken, shattered, destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃbhagna

saṁbhagna - broken, shattered, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root bhañj (class 7) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: bhañj (class 7)

इव (iva) - like (comparison) (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

वातेन (vātena) - by the force of the wind (by the wind)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāta

vāta - wind, air

Note: Agent of breaking.

बहुशाखः (bahuśākhaḥ) - having many branches (many-branched)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bahuśākha

bahuśākha - many-branched, having many branches

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+śākha)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective (masculine)
• śākha – branch
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `vanaspatiḥ`.

वनस्पतिः (vanaspatiḥ) - a large tree (tree, forest lord)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vanaspati

vanaspati - large tree, lord of the forest (usually a large, fruit-bearing tree that flowers without visible blossoms)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+pati)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• pati – lord, master
  noun (masculine)