महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-61, verse-30

भीष्म उवाच ।
शृणु राजन्वचो मह्यं यत्त्वां वक्ष्यामि कौरव ।
बहुशश्च ममोक्तोऽसि न च मे तत्त्वया कृतम् ॥३०॥

30. bhīṣma uvāca ,
śṛṇu rājanvaco mahyaṁ yattvāṁ vakṣyāmi kaurava ,
bahuśaśca mamokto'si na ca me tattvayā kṛtam.

30. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca | śṛṇu rājan vacaḥ mahyam yat tvām vakṣyāmi
kaurava | bahuśaḥ ca mama uktaḥ asi na ca me tat tvayā kṛtam

30. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca rājan kaurava tvam
mahyam vacaḥ yat tvām vakṣyāmi
(tat) śṛṇu ca tvam mama bahuśaḥ
uktaḥ asi ca tat me tvayā na kṛtam

30. Bhishma said: O King, O Kaurava, listen to my words which I shall speak to you. I have told you this many times, yet you have not acted upon it.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (name of a character)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

• मह्यम् (mahyam) - my (words) (my, to me, for me)

• यत् (yat) - which, that (relative pronoun)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

• वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will speak, I will tell

• कौरव (kaurava) - O Kaurava, O descendant of Kuru

• बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - many times, frequently

• च (ca) - and, also

• मम (mama) - by me, my

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, told

• असि (asi) - you are

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• मे (me) - by me, my

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (name of a character)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name), terrible, formidable

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Derived from root √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

मह्यम् (mahyam) - my (words) (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I, my, me

Note: Used here with genitive sense for possession ('my words').

यत् (yat) - which, that (relative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will speak, I will tell

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

कौरव (kaurava) - O Kaurava, O descendant of Kuru

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava

Patronymic derived from Kuru with suffix -a.

बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - many times, frequently

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'bahu' (many) with suffix -śaḥ.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मम (mama) - by me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, my, me

Note: Used here with a past passive participle, acting as the agent, effectively instrumental in meaning.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, told

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vac (class 2) with suffix -ta, with vocalic alternation.

Root: vac (class 2)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - by me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, my, me

Note: Used here with a past passive participle, acting as the agent, effectively instrumental in meaning.

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √kṛ (class 8) with suffix -ta.

Root: kṛ (class 8)