महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-61, verse-21

नावबुध्यसि यद्राजन्वार्यमाणः सुहृज्जनैः ।
विदुरेणाथ भीष्मेण द्रोणेन च महात्मना ॥२१॥

21. nāvabudhyasi yadrājanvāryamāṇaḥ suhṛjjanaiḥ ,
vidureṇātha bhīṣmeṇa droṇena ca mahātmanā.

21. na avabudhyasi yat rājan vāryamāṇaḥ suhṛjjanaiḥ
vidureṇa atha bhīṣmeṇa droṇena ca mahātmanā

21. rājan yat suhṛjjanaiḥ vidureṇa atha bhīṣmeṇa ca
mahātmanā droṇena vāryamāṇaḥ (san) na avabudhyasi

21. Why do you not comprehend, O King, even though you are being repeatedly advised by friends, and by Vidura, Bhishma, and the great-souled Drona?

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• अवबुध्यसि (avabudhyasi) - you understand, you comprehend, you perceive

• यत् (yat) - why, that which (that which, why, because)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• वार्यमाणः (vāryamāṇaḥ) - being advised/restrained (being restrained, being prevented, being stopped)

• सुहृज्जनैः (suhṛjjanaiḥ) - by friends, by good people

• विदुरेण (vidureṇa) - by Vidura

• अथ (atha) - and (then, next, and)

• भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma

• द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Drona

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled (Drona) (by the great-souled one, by the magnanimous one)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

अवबुध्यसि (avabudhyasi) - you understand, you comprehend, you perceive

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of avabudh

Prefix: ava

Root: budh (class 1)

यत् (yat) - why, that which (that which, why, because)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Used here as an interrogative or a conjunction

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

वार्यमाणः (vāryamāṇaḥ) - being advised/restrained (being restrained, being prevented, being stopped)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāryamāṇa

vāryamāṇa - being restrained, being prevented

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛ (to cover, restrain) with causative suffix ṇic and then present passive participle suffix -yamāṇa

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with implied 'you' (the king)

सुहृज्जनैः (suhṛjjanaiḥ) - by friends, by good people

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of suhṛjjana

suhṛjjana - friend, good-hearted person

Compound type : Tatpurusha (suhṛt+jana)

• suhṛt – friend, good-hearted, kind
  noun (masculine)
• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)

विदुरेण (vidureṇa) - by Vidura

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (proper name, half-brother of Dhritarashtra)

अथ (atha) - and (then, next, and)

(indeclinable)

भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name, grand-uncle of Kauravas and Pandavas)

द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Drona

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (proper name, preceptor of Kauravas and Pandavas)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled (Drona) (by the great-souled one, by the magnanimous one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble (mahātman)

Compound type : Karmadharaya (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, vast, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – soul, self, essence, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Droṇena