महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-275, verse-40

तमुवाच ततो ब्रह्मा देवैः शक्रमुखैर्वृतः ।
कौसल्यामातरिष्टांस्ते वरानद्य ददानि कान् ॥४०॥

40. tamuvāca tato brahmā devaiḥ śakramukhairvṛtaḥ ,
kausalyāmātariṣṭāṁste varānadya dadāni kān.

40. tam uvāca tataḥ brahmā devaiḥ śakramukhaiḥ vṛtaḥ
kausalyā mātar iṣṭān te varān adya dadāni kān

40. Then Brahmā, surrounded by gods led by Indra, said to him (Rāma): "O Kauśalyā, O Mother, what desired boons shall I grant you today?"

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Refers to Rāma, the recipient of Brahmā's words. (him, to him)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke, told

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā (the creator god)

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods

• शक्रमुखैः (śakramukhaiḥ) - led by Śakra (Indra), with Śakra at their head

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, accompanied, encompassed

• कौसल्या (kausalyā) - O Kauśalyā

• मातर् (mātar) - O mother

• इष्टान् (iṣṭān) - desired, wished for, beloved

• ते (te) - your, to you

• वरान् (varān) - boons, blessings

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• ददानि (dadāni) - I shall give, may I give, I grant

• कान् (kān) - which (ones)?

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Refers to Rāma, the recipient of Brahmā's words. (him, to him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke, told

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā (the creator god)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator god)

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

शक्रमुखैः (śakramukhaiḥ) - led by Śakra (Indra), with Śakra at their head

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śakramukha

śakramukha - having Śakra as chief, led by Śakra

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śakra+mukha)

• śakra – Śakra (name of Indra)
  proper noun (masculine)
• mukha – face, mouth, chief, principal
  noun (neuter)

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, accompanied, encompassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛ (to cover, surround, choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

कौसल्या (kausalyā) - O Kauśalyā

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of kauśalyā

kauśalyā - Kauśalyā (name of Rāma's mother)

मातर् (mātar) - O mother

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

इष्टान् (iṣṭān) - desired, wished for, beloved

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, wished, beloved, sacrificed

Past Passive Participle

From √iṣ (to wish, desire)

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with varān.

ते (te) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Alternate form of tava (your).

वरान् (varān) - boons, blessings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vara

vara - boon, blessing, choice, best

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

ददानि (dadāni) - I shall give, may I give, I grant

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Used here with optative/potential force, expressing an offer.

कान् (kān) - which (ones)?

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - what, who, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun, asking 'which (boons)'.