महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-275, verse-21

तत उत्थाय वैदेहि तेषां मध्ये यशस्विनी ।
उवाच वाक्यं कल्याणी रामं पृथुलवक्षसम् ॥२१॥

21. tata utthāya vaidehi teṣāṁ madhye yaśasvinī ,
uvāca vākyaṁ kalyāṇī rāmaṁ pṛthulavakṣasam.

21. tata utthāya vaidehi teṣām madhye yaśasvinī
uvāca vākyaṃ kalyāṇī rāmam pṛthulavakṣasam

21. Then, the glorious and beautiful Vaidehi rose among them and spoke these words to the broad-chested Rama.

Words meanings summery:

• तत (tata) - then, thereafter, from that

• उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up

• वैदेहि (vaidehi) - Vaidehi (Sita)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the midst, among

• यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - glorious, famous, illustrious

• उवाच (uvāca) - she spoke, he spoke

• वाक्यं (vākyaṁ) - word, statement, speech

• कल्याणी (kalyāṇī) - auspicious, beautiful, blessed

• रामम् (rāmam) - to Rama

• पृथुलवक्षसम् (pṛthulavakṣasam) - broad-chested

Words meanings and morphology

तत (tata) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root √sthā with upasarga ut.

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

वैदेहि (vaidehi) - Vaidehi (Sita)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - Sita, daughter of Videha

Note: The form 'vaidehi' (short 'i') is likely a poetic or metrical shortening of the nominative singular 'vaidehī' in this context, as she is the subject of 'spoke'.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मध्ये (madhye) - in the midst, among

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, center, midst

यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - glorious, famous, illustrious

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - glorious, famous, illustrious, possessing glory

Derived from yaśas (fame, glory) + vin (possessing).

Note: Adjective modifying Vaidehi.

उवाच (uvāca) - she spoke, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of √vac

Perfect active

3rd person singular, Perfect tense, active voice of √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

वाक्यं (vākyaṁ) - word, statement, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, statement, sentence

Derived from √vac.

Root: vac

Note: Object of uvāca.

कल्याणी (kalyāṇī) - auspicious, beautiful, blessed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kalyāṇa

kalyāṇa - auspicious, excellent, good, beautiful, blessed

Note: Adjective modifying Vaidehi.

रामम् (rāmam) - to Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a king, incarnation of Vishnu)

Note: Recipient of the speech.

पृथुलवक्षसम् (pṛthulavakṣasam) - broad-chested

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pṛthulavakṣas

pṛthulavakṣas - broad-chested

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pṛthula+vakṣas)

• pṛthula – broad, wide, large
  adjective (masculine)
• vakṣas – chest, breast
  noun (neuter)