महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-275, verse-12

कथं ह्यस्मद्विधो जातु जानन्धर्मविनिश्चयम् ।
परहस्तगतां नारीं मुहूर्तमपि धारयेत् ॥१२॥

12. kathaṁ hyasmadvidho jātu jānandharmaviniścayam ,
parahastagatāṁ nārīṁ muhūrtamapi dhārayet.

12. katham hi asmatvidhaḥ jātu jānan dharmaviniścayam
parahastagatām nārīm muhūrtam api dhārayet

12. How indeed could one like me, who knows the certainty of natural law (dharma), ever keep a woman who has fallen into another's hands, even for a moment?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अस्मत्विधः (asmatvidhaḥ) - one like Rama, who upholds dharma (one like us, such as me)

• जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time, by any means

• जानन् (jānan) - knowing, understanding, aware of

• धर्मविनिश्चयम् (dharmaviniścayam) - the certainty of natural law (dharma), the ascertainment of duty

• परहस्तगताम् (parahastagatām) - fallen into another's hands, gone into the power of another

• नारीम् (nārīm) - a woman, a wife

• मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - a moment, a short time

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• धारयेत् (dhārayet) - should hold, should keep, should maintain

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अस्मत्विधः (asmatvidhaḥ) - one like Rama, who upholds dharma (one like us, such as me)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asmatvidha

asmatvidha - one like us, such as me

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (asmad+vidha)

• asmad – I, we
  pronoun
• vidha – kind, sort, manner, way
  adjective
  From root dhā with vi-.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time, by any means

(indeclinable)

जानन् (jānan) - knowing, understanding, aware of

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jānat

jānat - knowing, understanding

Present Active Participle

Present participle of the root jñā (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

धर्मविनिश्चयम् (dharmaviniścayam) - the certainty of natural law (dharma), the ascertainment of duty

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmaviniścaya

dharmaviniścaya - certainty regarding natural law (dharma), ascertainment of duty or righteousness

Compound type : Tatpurusha (dharma+viniścaya)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• viniścaya – certainty, ascertainment, firm resolve, decision
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root ci with upasargas vi and ni.
  Prefixes: vi+ni
  Root: ci (class 5)

परहस्तगताम् (parahastagatām) - fallen into another's hands, gone into the power of another

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parahastagatā

parahastagatā - fallen into another's hands, gone into another's power

Compound type : Tatpurusha (para+hasta+gatā)

• para – other, another, alien
  adjective
• hasta – hand, trunk (of an elephant)
  noun (masculine)
• gatā – gone, reached, obtained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from the root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

नारीम् (nārīm) - a woman, a wife

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nārī

nārī - woman, wife, female

मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - a moment, a short time

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, a division of time, a short period

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'even for a moment'.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

धारयेत् (dhārayet) - should hold, should keep, should maintain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Optative (Vidhi Liṅ) of dhāray

Causative form of root

Causative stem dhāray- from root dhṛ.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)