दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-1, verse-8
ततो मृगयाव्याजेन हृतस्वाम्यः स भुपतिः ।
एकाकी हयमारुह्य जगाम गहनं वनम् ॥८॥
एकाकी हयमारुह्य जगाम गहनं वनम् ॥८॥
8. tato mṛgayāvyājena hṛtasvāmyaḥ sa bhupatiḥ .
ekākī hayamāruhya jagāma gahanaṃ vanam.
ekākī hayamāruhya jagāma gahanaṃ vanam.
8.
tataḥ mṛgayāvyājena hṛtasvāmyaḥ saḥ bhūpatiḥ
ekākī hayam āruhya jagāma gahanam vanam
ekākī hayam āruhya jagāma gahanam vanam
8.
Then, under the pretext of hunting, his sovereignty having been taken away, that king, all alone, mounted a horse and went into a dense forest.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from that)
- मृगयाव्याजेन (mṛgayāvyājena) - under the pretext of hunting (by the pretext of hunting, under the guise of hunting)
- हृतस्वाम्यः (hṛtasvāmyaḥ) - one whose lordship was seized (one whose sovereignty has been taken away)
- सः (saḥ) - he (the king) (he, that)
- भूपतिः (bhūpatiḥ) - the king (king, ruler of the earth)
- एकाकी (ekākī) - alone (alone, solitary)
- हयम् (hayam) - a horse (horse)
- आरुह्य (āruhya) - having mounted (the horse) (having mounted, having ascended)
- जगाम (jagāma) - went
- गहनम् (gahanam) - dense, impenetrable (dense, deep, impenetrable)
- वनम् (vanam) - a forest (forest, wood, grove)
Words meanings and morphology
ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from that)
(indeclinable)
Note: Indicates sequence.
मृगयाव्याजेन (mṛgayāvyājena) - under the pretext of hunting (by the pretext of hunting, under the guise of hunting)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of mṛgayāvyāja
mṛgayāvyāja - pretext of hunting
Compound of mṛgayā (hunting) and vyāja (pretext).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛgayā+vyāja)
- mṛgayā – hunting, chase
noun (feminine)
From root mṛg (to hunt).
Root: mṛg (class 10) - vyāja – pretext, disguise, stratagem
noun (masculine)
Prefix: vi
Note: Indicates the means or pretext.
हृतस्वाम्यः (hṛtasvāmyaḥ) - one whose lordship was seized (one whose sovereignty has been taken away)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛtasvāmya
hṛtasvāmya - one whose ownership/sovereignty is taken
Bahuvrīhi compound: hṛta (taken) + svāmya (sovereignty).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hṛta+svāmya)
- hṛta – taken, carried off, stolen
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root hṛ (to take).
Root: hṛ (class 1) - svāmya – sovereignty, ownership, lordship
noun (neuter)
Derived from svāmin (owner, lord).
Note: Qualifies 'saḥ bhūpatiḥ'.
सः (saḥ) - he (the king) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Nominative form of 'tad'.
भूपतिः (bhūpatiḥ) - the king (king, ruler of the earth)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūpati
bhūpati - king, lord of the earth
Compound of bhū (earth) and pati (lord).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhū+pati)
- bhū – earth, ground
noun (feminine) - pati – lord, master, husband, ruler
noun (masculine)
Note: Subject of 'jagāma'.
एकाकी (ekākī) - alone (alone, solitary)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ekākin
ekākin - alone, solitary, single
Derived from eka (one) with suffix -ākin.
Note: Qualifies 'saḥ bhūpatiḥ'.
हयम् (hayam) - a horse (horse)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of haya
haya - horse
Root: hi (class 5)
Note: Object of 'āruhya'.
आरुह्य (āruhya) - having mounted (the horse) (having mounted, having ascended)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Derived from the root ruh (to ascend) with prefix ā- and suffix -ya (lYAP).
Prefix: ā
Root: ruh (class 1)
Note: Used as a conjunctive participle.
जगाम (jagāma) - went
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of gam
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Perfect tense of 'gam'.
गहनम् (gahanam) - dense, impenetrable (dense, deep, impenetrable)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of gahana
gahana - dense, deep, impenetrable, thicket
Note: Qualifies 'vanam'.
वनम् (vanam) - a forest (forest, wood, grove)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vana
vana - forest, wood, grove
Note: Object of motion for 'jagāma'.