दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-1, verse-54
त्वं स्वाहा त्वं स्वधा त्वं हि वषट्कारः स्वरात्मिका ।
सुधा त्वमक्षरे नित्ये त्रिधा मात्रात्मिका स्थिता ॥५४॥
सुधा त्वमक्षरे नित्ये त्रिधा मात्रात्मिका स्थिता ॥५४॥
54. tvaṃ svāhā tvaṃ svadhā tvaṃ hi vaṣaṭkāraḥ svarātmikā .
sudhā tvamakṣare nitye tridhā mātrātmikā sthitā.
sudhā tvamakṣare nitye tridhā mātrātmikā sthitā.
54.
tvam svāhā tvam svadhā tvam hi vaṣaṭkāraḥ svarātmikā
sudhā tvam akṣare nitye tridhā mātrātmikā sthitā
sudhā tvam akṣare nitye tridhā mātrātmikā sthitā
54.
You are Svāhā, you are Svadhā, and you are indeed the Vaṣaṭ call, whose essence is sound. O imperishable, eternal one, you are nectar, abiding in three ways as the essence of syllables.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- त्वम् (tvam) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā (you)
- स्वाहा (svāhā) - The goddess Nidrā is identified with Svāhā, a deity invoked during sacrifices. (Svāhā (an exclamation used when offering oblations, and personified as a goddess))
- त्वम् (tvam) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā (you)
- स्वधा (svadhā) - The goddess Nidrā is identified with Svadhā, a deity invoked during ancestral rites. (Svadhā (an exclamation used when offering oblations to ancestors, and personified as a goddess))
- त्वम् (tvam) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā (you)
- हि (hi) - Emphasizes the preceding statement. (indeed, certainly, for)
- वषट्कारः (vaṣaṭkāraḥ) - The goddess Nidrā is identified with the sacred utterance "vaṣaṭ" used in Vedic rituals. (the exclamation "vaṣaṭ", the act of uttering "vaṣaṭ")
- स्वरात्मिका (svarātmikā) - The goddess is the essence of sacred sounds and intonations. (whose nature is sound/syllable, consisting of melody/tone)
- सुधा (sudhā) - The goddess Nidrā is identified with divine nectar. (nectar, ambrosia)
- त्वम् (tvam) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā (you)
- अक्षरे (akṣare) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā as the imperishable principle. (O imperishable one, O syllable)
- नित्ये (nitye) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā as the eternal principle. (O eternal one, O constant one)
- त्रिधा (tridhā) - Refers to the three mātrās (A, U, M) of Om. (in three ways, three-fold)
- मात्रात्मिका (mātrātmikā) - The goddess is the essence of the syllables (mātrās), specifically the three mātrās of Om. (whose nature is a mātrā (syllable/measure))
- स्थिता (sthitā) - You (the goddess) are abiding (in this form). (standing, situated, abiding)
Words meanings and morphology
त्वम् (tvam) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā (you)
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
स्वाहा (svāhā) - The goddess Nidrā is identified with Svāhā, a deity invoked during sacrifices. (Svāhā (an exclamation used when offering oblations, and personified as a goddess))
(proper noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of svāhā
svāhā - exclamation on making an oblation; wife of Agni; a goddess
त्वम् (tvam) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā (you)
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
स्वधा (svadhā) - The goddess Nidrā is identified with Svadhā, a deity invoked during ancestral rites. (Svadhā (an exclamation used when offering oblations to ancestors, and personified as a goddess))
(proper noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of svadhā
svadhā - inherent power, natural ability; a sacred exclamation on offering oblations to Manes; a goddess
त्वम् (tvam) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā (you)
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
हि (hi) - Emphasizes the preceding statement. (indeed, certainly, for)
(indeclinable)
वषट्कारः (vaṣaṭkāraḥ) - The goddess Nidrā is identified with the sacred utterance "vaṣaṭ" used in Vedic rituals. (the exclamation "vaṣaṭ", the act of uttering "vaṣaṭ")
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vaṣaṭkāra
vaṣaṭkāra - the exclamation 'vaṣaṭ' uttered at sacrifices; the act of offering with 'vaṣaṭ'
From vaṣaṭ (sacred exclamation) and kāra (making, doing).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaṣaṭ+kāra)
- vaṣaṭ – a Vedic exclamation used at the end of a mantra, equivalent to 'hail' or 'may it be offered'
indeclinable - kāra – maker, doer, act of making/doing
noun (masculine)
Agent noun
From root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -a.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Despite being masculine, it functions as a predicate nominative with 'tvam' (feminine), implying "you are that (vaṣaṭkāra)".
स्वरात्मिका (svarātmikā) - The goddess is the essence of sacred sounds and intonations. (whose nature is sound/syllable, consisting of melody/tone)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of svarātmikā
svarātmikā - whose nature is sound/syllable, consisting of melody/tone
Compound of svara (sound, tone, accent) and ātmikā (whose nature is, consisting of).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (svara+ātmikā)
- svara – sound, tone, accent, musical note
noun (masculine) - ātmikā – whose nature is, consisting of, having the essence of
adjective (feminine)
Feminine of ātmika, from ātman (self, essence).
Note: Qualifies 'tvam'.
सुधा (sudhā) - The goddess Nidrā is identified with divine nectar. (nectar, ambrosia)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of sudhā
sudhā - nectar, ambrosia; lime, plaster
त्वम् (tvam) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā (you)
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
अक्षरे (akṣare) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā as the imperishable principle. (O imperishable one, O syllable)
(adjective)
Vocative, feminine, singular of akṣarā
akṣarā - imperishable, indestructible; syllable; word (feminine of akṣara)
From a- (negation) and kṣara (perishable, flowing).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+kṣara)
- a – not, un-, without
indeclinable - kṣara – perishable, decaying, flowing
adjective
Note: Vocative singular.
नित्ये (nitye) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā as the eternal principle. (O eternal one, O constant one)
(adjective)
Vocative, feminine, singular of nityā
nityā - eternal, perpetual, constant (feminine of nitya)
Note: Qualifies 'akṣare'.
त्रिधा (tridhā) - Refers to the three mātrās (A, U, M) of Om. (in three ways, three-fold)
(indeclinable)
From tri (three) with suffix -dhā (in such a manner).
मात्रात्मिका (mātrātmikā) - The goddess is the essence of the syllables (mātrās), specifically the three mātrās of Om. (whose nature is a mātrā (syllable/measure))
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of mātrātmikā
mātrātmikā - whose nature is a mātrā (syllable/measure), consisting of syllables
Compound of mātrā (measure, syllable) and ātmikā (whose nature is, consisting of).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mātrā+ātmikā)
- mātrā – measure, quantity, duration of a vowel, syllable
noun (feminine) - ātmikā – whose nature is, consisting of, having the essence of
adjective (feminine)
Feminine of ātmika, from ātman (self, essence).
Note: Qualifies 'tvam'.
स्थिता (sthitā) - You (the goddess) are abiding (in this form). (standing, situated, abiding)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of sthita
sthita - standing, situated, abiding, existing
Past Passive Participle
From root sthā (to stand).
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Functions as a predicate adjective with 'tvam'.