दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-1, verse-1
मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
सावर्णिः सूर्यतनयो यो मनुः कथ्यतेऽष्टमः ।
निशामय तदुत्पत्तिं विस्तराद् गदतो मम ॥१॥
सावर्णिः सूर्यतनयो यो मनुः कथ्यतेऽष्टमः ।
निशामय तदुत्पत्तिं विस्तराद् गदतो मम ॥१॥
1. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca .
sāvarṇiḥ sūryatanayo yo manuḥ kathyate'ṣṭamaḥ .
niśāmaya tadutpattiṃ vistarād gadato mama.
sāvarṇiḥ sūryatanayo yo manuḥ kathyate'ṣṭamaḥ .
niśāmaya tadutpattiṃ vistarād gadato mama.
1.
mārkaṇḍeyaḥ uvāca sāvarṇiḥ sūryatanayaḥ yaḥ manuḥ kathyate
aṣṭamaḥ niśāmaya tat utpattim vistārāt gadataḥ mama
aṣṭamaḥ niśāmaya tat utpattim vistārāt gadataḥ mama
1.
Mārkaṇḍeya said: Listen to me as I narrate in detail the origin of Sāvarṇi, the son of Sūrya, who is designated as the eighth Manu.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - Mārkaṇḍeya (a sage)
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- सावर्णिः (sāvarṇiḥ) - Sāvarṇi (name of a Manu)
- सूर्यतनयः (sūryatanayaḥ) - son of Sūrya
- यः (yaḥ) - who, which
- मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu (progenitor of mankind, lawgiver)
- कथ्यते (kathyate) - is called, is said
- अष्टमः (aṣṭamaḥ) - eighth
- निशामय (niśāmaya) - listen, hear, pay attention
- तत् (tat) - that, his
- उत्पत्तिम् (utpattim) - origin, production
- विस्तारात् (vistārāt) - extensively, in detail, at length
- गदतः (gadataḥ) - speaking, narrating
- मम (mama) - my, of me, from me
Words meanings and morphology
मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - Mārkaṇḍeya (a sage)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya
mārkaṇḍeya - a sage, son of Mṛkaṇḍu
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
perfect active
root 'vac' (2nd class) in perfect tense, 3rd person singular
Root: vac (class 2)
सावर्णिः (sāvarṇiḥ) - Sāvarṇi (name of a Manu)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sāvarṇi
sāvarṇi - name of a Manu, son of Sūrya and Chāyā
सूर्यतनयः (sūryatanayaḥ) - son of Sūrya
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sūryatanaya
sūryatanaya - son of Sūrya (the sun god)
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sūrya+tanaya)
- sūrya – the sun, the sun god
noun (masculine) - tanaya – son
noun (masculine)
derived from root 'tan' (to extend) with suffix 'aya'
Root: tan (class 8)
यः (yaḥ) - who, which
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu (progenitor of mankind, lawgiver)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of manu
manu - progenitor of mankind, a lawgiver, a human
कथ्यते (kathyate) - is called, is said
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kath
present passive
root 'kath' (10th class or derived from 'katha') in present tense, 3rd person singular, passive voice
Root: kath (class 10)
अष्टमः (aṣṭamaḥ) - eighth
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of aṣṭama
aṣṭama - eighth
ordinal numeral derived from aṣṭan (eight)
निशामय (niśāmaya) - listen, hear, pay attention
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śam
causative imperative active
causative stem 'śāmayati' from root 'śam' with prefix 'ni', imperative mood, 2nd person singular
Prefix: ni
Root: śam (class 4)
तत् (tat) - that, his
(pronoun)
neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Here, 'tat' modifies 'utpattim' and functions adjectivally as a possessive pronoun ('his' origin).
उत्पत्तिम् (utpattim) - origin, production
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of utpatti
utpatti - origin, birth, production, creation
from root 'pad' with prefix 'ut' and suffix 'ti'
Prefix: ut
Root: pad (class 4)
विस्तारात् (vistārāt) - extensively, in detail, at length
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of vistāra
vistāra - extension, elaboration, detail, breadth
from root 'stṛ' with prefix 'vi'
Prefix: vi
Root: stṛ (class 9)
Note: The ablative case here conveys the sense of 'from detail' or 'in detail'.
गदतः (gadataḥ) - speaking, narrating
(verbal adjective)
Note: Agrees with 'mama' (from me speaking).
मम (mama) - my, of me, from me
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me
Note: Functions as the speaker Mārkaṇḍeya.