दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-1, verse-53
ब्रह्मोवाच ।
विश्वेश्वरीं जगद्धात्रीं स्थिति-संहारकारिणीम् ।
निद्रां भगवतीं विष्णोरतुलां तेजसः प्रभुः ॥५३॥
विश्वेश्वरीं जगद्धात्रीं स्थिति-संहारकारिणीम् ।
निद्रां भगवतीं विष्णोरतुलां तेजसः प्रभुः ॥५३॥
53. brahmovāca .
viśveśvarīṃ jagaddhātrīṃ sthiti-saṃhārakāriṇīm .
nidrāṃ bhagavatīṃ viṣṇoratulāṃ tejasaḥ prabhuḥ.
viśveśvarīṃ jagaddhātrīṃ sthiti-saṃhārakāriṇīm .
nidrāṃ bhagavatīṃ viṣṇoratulāṃ tejasaḥ prabhuḥ.
53.
brahmā uvāca viśveśvarīm jagaddhātrīm sthiti saṃhāra
kāriṇīm nidrām bhagavatīm viṣṇoḥ atulām tejasaḥ prabhuḥ
kāriṇīm nidrām bhagavatīm viṣṇoḥ atulām tejasaḥ prabhuḥ
53.
Brahmā, the lord of splendor, spoke: (I praise) the universal sovereign, the sustainer of the world, the cause of maintenance and dissolution, the divine Sleep (nidrā) of Viṣṇu, who is incomparable.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - The creator deity Brahmā, as the speaker of these verses. (Brahmā, the creator deity)
- उवाच (uvāca) - Said (by Brahmā) (spoke, said)
- विश्वेश्वरीम् (viśveśvarīm) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā as the universal sovereign. (the universal sovereign, mistress of the universe)
- जगद्धात्रीम् (jagaddhātrīm) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā as the sustainer of the world. (the sustainer of the world)
- स्थिति (sthiti) - refers to the maintenance aspect of the cosmic cycle (existence, maintenance, state)
- संहार (saṁhāra) - refers to the dissolution aspect of the cosmic cycle (destruction, withdrawal, dissolution)
- कारिणीम् (kāriṇīm) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā as the one who causes maintenance and destruction. (doer, maker, one who causes)
- निद्राम् (nidrām) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā (sleep) herself. (sleep, slumber)
- भगवतीम् (bhagavatīm) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā as the divine one. (divine, glorious, venerable)
- विष्णोः (viṣṇoḥ) - Of the deity Viṣṇu. Here, Nidrā is specifically identified as the sleep (yoga-nidrā) of Viṣṇu. (of Viṣṇu)
- अतुलाम् (atulām) - The goddess Nidrā is incomparable. (incomparable, matchless)
- तेजसः (tejasaḥ) - Referring to Brahmā as the lord of splendor. (of splendor, of power, of brilliance)
- प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - Referring to Brahmā as the lord. (lord, master, mighty)
Words meanings and morphology
ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - The creator deity Brahmā, as the speaker of these verses. (Brahmā, the creator deity)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman
brahman - the creator god Brahmā
उवाच (uvāca) - Said (by Brahmā) (spoke, said)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of vac
Perfect Active
Root 'vac' (2nd class), perfect third person singular active.
Root: vac (class 2)
विश्वेश्वरीम् (viśveśvarīm) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā as the universal sovereign. (the universal sovereign, mistress of the universe)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of viśveśvarī
viśveśvarī - universal sovereign, mistress of the universe
Compound of viśva (all, universal) and īśvarī (sovereign, mistress).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viśva+īśvarī)
- viśva – all, universal, entire
adjective (neuter) - īśvarī – sovereign, mistress, goddess
noun (feminine)
जगद्धात्रीम् (jagaddhātrīm) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā as the sustainer of the world. (the sustainer of the world)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of jagaddhātrī
jagaddhātrī - sustainer of the world, mother of the world
Compound of jagat (world) and dhātrī (sustainer, mother).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jagat+dhātrī)
- jagat – world, universe
noun (neuter) - dhātrī – sustainer, nourisher, mother
noun (feminine)
Feminine derivative of the root dhṛ (to hold, support).
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
स्थिति (sthiti) - refers to the maintenance aspect of the cosmic cycle (existence, maintenance, state)
(noun)
feminine, singular of sthiti
sthiti - standing, abiding, existence, maintenance, stability
From root sthā (to stand) with suffix -ti.
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: First part of the compound 'sthiti-saṃhāra-kāriṇīm'.
संहार (saṁhāra) - refers to the dissolution aspect of the cosmic cycle (destruction, withdrawal, dissolution)
(noun)
masculine, singular of saṃhāra
saṁhāra - destruction, dissolution, withdrawal, bringing together
From prefix sam- and root hṛ (to seize, carry), meaning 'bringing together' or 'destroying'.
Prefix: sam
Root: hṛ (class 1)
Note: Middle part of the compound 'sthiti-saṃhāra-kāriṇīm'.
कारिणीम् (kāriṇīm) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā as the one who causes maintenance and destruction. (doer, maker, one who causes)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of kāriṇī
kāriṇī - female doer, maker, causing
Agent noun
Feminine of kārin, from root kṛ (to do, make) with agent suffix -in.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sthiti-saṃhāra+kāriṇī)
- sthiti-saṃhāra – maintenance and destruction
noun (masculine)
A dvandva-like compound, where the two ideas are conjoined as a single entity or concept. - kāriṇī – female doer, maker, causing
noun (feminine)
Agent noun
Feminine of kārin, from root kṛ (to do, make) with agent suffix -in.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: The full compound is 'sthiti-saṃhāra-kāriṇī'.
निद्राम् (nidrām) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā (sleep) herself. (sleep, slumber)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of nidrā
nidrā - sleep, slumber, personified sleep
Note: The primary object of praise.
भगवतीम् (bhagavatīm) - Addressing the goddess Nidrā as the divine one. (divine, glorious, venerable)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of bhagavatī
bhagavatī - divine, glorious, venerable, goddess (feminine of bhagavat)
Feminine of bhagavat ('possessed of good fortune, glorious, divine').
Note: Qualifies 'nidrām'.
विष्णोः (viṣṇoḥ) - Of the deity Viṣṇu. Here, Nidrā is specifically identified as the sleep (yoga-nidrā) of Viṣṇu. (of Viṣṇu)
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of viṣṇu
viṣṇu - Viṣṇu (a major Hindu deity)
Note: Relates 'nidrām' to Viṣṇu.
अतुलाम् (atulām) - The goddess Nidrā is incomparable. (incomparable, matchless)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of atulā
atulā - incomparable, matchless (feminine of atula)
From a- (negation) and tulā (balance, comparison).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+tulā)
- a – not, un-, without
indeclinable - tulā – balance, comparison, similarity
noun (feminine)
Note: Qualifies 'nidrām'.
तेजसः (tejasaḥ) - Referring to Brahmā as the lord of splendor. (of splendor, of power, of brilliance)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of tejas
tejas - splendor, brilliance, energy, power, vitality
Root tij (to be sharp, keen), suffix -as.
Root: tij (class 1)
Note: Governs 'prabhuḥ'.
प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - Referring to Brahmā as the lord. (lord, master, mighty)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu
prabhu - lord, master, powerful, able, mighty
From prefix pra- and root bhū (to be).
Prefix: pra
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Refers to Brahmā, the speaker.