दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-1, verse-14
असम्यग्व्ययशीलैस्तैः कुर्वद्भिः सततं व्ययम् ।
संचितः सोऽतिदुः खेन क्षयं कोशो गमिष्यति ॥१४॥
संचितः सोऽतिदुः खेन क्षयं कोशो गमिष्यति ॥१४॥
14. asamyagvyayaśīlaistaiḥ kurvadbhiḥ satataṃ vyayam .
saṃcitaḥ so'tiduḥ khena kṣayaṃ kośo gamiṣyati.
saṃcitaḥ so'tiduḥ khena kṣayaṃ kośo gamiṣyati.
14.
asamyak vyayaśīlaiḥ taiḥ kurvadbhiḥ satatam vyayam
saṃcitaḥ saḥ atiduḥkhena kṣayam kośaḥ gamiṣyati
saṃcitaḥ saḥ atiduḥkhena kṣayam kośaḥ gamiṣyati
14.
Through them, who are prone to excessive and improper expenditure, constantly incurring expenses, the treasury that was accumulated with great difficulty will surely be depleted.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- असम्यक् व्ययशीलैः (asamyak vyayaśīlaiḥ) - by those whose nature is improper expenditure
- तैः (taiḥ) - by them
- कुर्वद्भिः (kurvadbhiḥ) - by those doing, by those making, by those performing
- सततम् (satatam) - constantly, continuously
- व्ययम् (vyayam) - expenditure, expense
- संचितः (saṁcitaḥ) - accumulated, collected
- सः (saḥ) - that
- अतिदुःखेन (atiduḥkhena) - with great difficulty, with much suffering
- क्षयम् (kṣayam) - destruction, loss, depletion
- कोशः (kośaḥ) - treasury, fund, collection
- गमिष्यति (gamiṣyati) - will go, will be depleted
Words meanings and morphology
असम्यक् व्ययशीलैः (asamyak vyayaśīlaiḥ) - by those whose nature is improper expenditure
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of asamyagvyayaśīla
asamyagvyayaśīla - prone to improper expenditure, wasteful
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (asamyak+vyaya+śīla)
- asamyak – improperly, incorrectly, not fully
indeclinable
Negation of samyak (properly). - vyaya – expenditure, expense, loss
noun (masculine)
Action noun
From root 'ī' (to go) with prefix 'vi-a'.
Prefixes: vi+a
Root: i (class 2) - śīla – nature, habit, character
noun (neuter)
Root: śīl (class 1)
Note: Adjective modifying 'taiḥ kurvadbhiḥ'.
तैः (taiḥ) - by them
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the people mentioned in the previous verse or implied as his dependants.
कुर्वद्भिः (kurvadbhiḥ) - by those doing, by those making, by those performing
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of kurvat
kurvat - doing, making, performing
Present Active Participle
Derived from verb root kṛ (to do) in present active participle form.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Co-refers to 'taiḥ'.
सततम् (satatam) - constantly, continuously
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverb modifying 'kurvadbhiḥ'.
व्ययम् (vyayam) - expenditure, expense
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vyaya
vyaya - expenditure, expense, loss
Action noun
From root 'ī' (to go) with prefix 'vi-a'.
Prefixes: vi+a
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Object of 'kurvadbhiḥ'.
संचितः (saṁcitaḥ) - accumulated, collected
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃcita
saṁcita - accumulated, collected, stored
Past Passive Participle
Derived from verb root ci (to gather) with prefix saṃ, in past passive participle form.
Prefix: sam
Root: ci (class 5)
Note: Adjective modifying 'kośaḥ'.
सः (saḥ) - that
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Demonstrative pronoun referring to 'kośaḥ'.
अतिदुःखेन (atiduḥkhena) - with great difficulty, with much suffering
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of atiduḥkha
atiduḥkha - great difficulty, much sorrow
Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+duḥkha)
- ati – very, excessively, beyond
indeclinable - duḥkha – suffering, pain, difficulty, sorrow
noun (neuter)
Note: Indicates the means or manner by which the treasury was accumulated.
क्षयम् (kṣayam) - destruction, loss, depletion
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣaya
kṣaya - destruction, loss, decline, wasting away
Action noun
From root kṣi (to destroy, diminish).
Root: kṣi (class 1)
Note: Object of 'gamiṣyati' (will go to destruction).
कोशः (kośaḥ) - treasury, fund, collection
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kośa
kośa - treasury, store-room, fund, sheath, lexicon
Note: Subject of 'gamiṣyati'.
गमिष्यति (gamiṣyati) - will go, will be depleted
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of gam
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Its object is 'kṣayam'.