दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-1, verse-5
तस्य तैरभवद् युद्धमतिप्रबलदण्डिनः ।
न्यूनैरपि स तैर्युद्धे कोलाविध्वंसिभिर्जितः ॥५॥
न्यूनैरपि स तैर्युद्धे कोलाविध्वंसिभिर्जितः ॥५॥
5. tasya tairabhavad yuddhamatiprabaladaṇḍinaḥ .
nyūnairapi sa tairyuddhe kolāvidhvaṃsibhirjitaḥ.
nyūnairapi sa tairyuddhe kolāvidhvaṃsibhirjitaḥ.
5.
tasya taiḥ abhavat yuddham atiprabaladaṇḍinaḥ
nyūnaiḥ api saḥ taiḥ yuddhe kolāvidhvaṃsibhiḥ jitaḥ
nyūnaiḥ api saḥ taiḥ yuddhe kolāvidhvaṃsibhiḥ jitaḥ
5.
A battle occurred for him, who possessed an extremely powerful army, against them. Even though his opponents were fewer in number, he was defeated by them, the destroyers of the Kolas, in that battle.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तस्य (tasya) - of him (the king) (his, of him, to him, for him)
- तैः (taiḥ) - by them (the Kolāvidhvaṃsin, the opponents) (by them, with them)
- अभवत् (abhavat) - occurred (became, happened, occurred)
- युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle (battle, fight, war)
- अतिप्रबलदण्डिनः (atiprabaladaṇḍinaḥ) - of the extremely powerful king/ruler (of one having an extremely mighty army/staff/punisher)
- न्यूनैः (nyūnaiḥ) - by those who were fewer in number (the opponents) (by fewer, by those who are less)
- अपि (api) - even (implying despite being fewer) (even, also, too)
- सः (saḥ) - he (the king) (he, that)
- तैः (taiḥ) - by them (the Kolāvidhvaṃsin, the opponents) (by them, with them)
- युद्धे (yuddhe) - in that battle (in battle, on the battlefield)
- कोलाविध्वंसिभिः (kolāvidhvaṁsibhiḥ) - by the Kolāvidhvaṃsin (a specific tribe or group) (by the destroyers of the Kolas)
- जितः (jitaḥ) - defeated (he was defeated) (conquered, defeated)
Words meanings and morphology
तस्य (tasya) - of him (the king) (his, of him, to him, for him)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
तैः (taiḥ) - by them (the Kolāvidhvaṃsin, the opponents) (by them, with them)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
अभवत् (abhavat) - occurred (became, happened, occurred)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū
Root: bhū (class 1)
युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle (battle, fight, war)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha
yuddha - battle, fight, war
Root: yudh
Note: Also accusative singular neuter. Here, nominative as subject of 'abhavat'.
अतिप्रबलदण्डिनः (atiprabaladaṇḍinaḥ) - of the extremely powerful king/ruler (of one having an extremely mighty army/staff/punisher)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of atiprabaladaṇḍin
atiprabaladaṇḍin - one with an extremely powerful army/staff/authority
Compound adjective formed from ati (prefix), prabala (adjective), and daṇḍin (noun/adjective).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ati+prabala+daṇḍin)
- ati – very, excessively, beyond
indeclinable - prabala – very strong, powerful, mighty
adjective (masculine)
Prefix: pra - daṇḍin – one having a staff, ruler, one with an army, punisher
noun (masculine)
Nominal derivative from daṇḍa (staff/army/punishment) with the suffix -in.
Note: Qualifies 'tasya' implicitly.
न्यूनैः (nyūnaiḥ) - by those who were fewer in number (the opponents) (by fewer, by those who are less)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of nyūna
nyūna - less, deficient, smaller, fewer
Note: Qualifies 'taiḥ'.
अपि (api) - even (implying despite being fewer) (even, also, too)
(indeclinable)
सः (saḥ) - he (the king) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Nominative form of 'tad'.
तैः (taiḥ) - by them (the Kolāvidhvaṃsin, the opponents) (by them, with them)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
युद्धे (yuddhe) - in that battle (in battle, on the battlefield)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha
yuddha - battle, fight, war
Root: yudh
कोलाविध्वंसिभिः (kolāvidhvaṁsibhiḥ) - by the Kolāvidhvaṃsin (a specific tribe or group) (by the destroyers of the Kolas)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of kolāvidhvaṃsin
kolāvidhvaṁsin - destroyer of Kolas
Compound noun formed from Kolā (a proper noun) and vidhvaṃsin (destroyer).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kolā+vidhvaṃsin)
- kolā – Kola (name of a tribe or people)
proper noun (feminine) - vidhvaṃsin – destroyer, annihilator
noun (masculine)
Agent noun
Derived from root dhvaṃs (to destroy) with prefix vi-, and suffix -in.
Prefix: vi
Root: dhvaṃs (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'taiḥ'.
जितः (jitaḥ) - defeated (he was defeated) (conquered, defeated)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jita
jita - conquered, won, defeated
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root ji (to conquer).
Root: ji (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'. The phrase 'saḥ...jitaḥ' means 'he was defeated'.