योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-116, verse-12

आकाश काशसि तु यत्र शशाङ्कबिम्बं त्वत्कीर्णकज्जलतमो मलिनोऽसितत्वम् ।
सङ्गान्न यन्नयसि तत्खलु चित्रमुच्चैः को नाम वान्तरमलं मलिनीकरोति ॥ १२ ॥

ākāśa kāśasi tu yatra śaśāṅkabimbaṃ tvatkīrṇakajjalatamo malino'sitatvam ,
saṅgānna yannayasi tatkhalu citramuccaiḥ ko nāma vāntaramalaṃ malinīkaroti 12

12. ākāśa kāśasi tu yatra śaśāṅkabimbam
tvat-kīrṇa-kajjalatamaḥ malinaḥ asitatvam
saṅgāt na yat nayasi tat khalu citram uccaiḥ
kaḥ nāma vā antaram malam malinīkaroti

12. ākāśa! yatra śaśāṅkabimbam (asti),
tatra tu (tvam) kāśasi.
yat tvat-kīrṇa-kajjalatamaḥ malinaḥ asitatvam (asti,
tat tvam) saṅgāt na nayasi,
tat khalu uccaiḥ citram (asti).
kaḥ nāma vā antaram malam malinīkaroti?

12. O Sky! You shine where the moon's orb is, yet that darkness of yours, scattered like lamp-black and a dirty blackness, you do not dispel by your very presence and connection (with the moon's light)—this is truly a great wonder! For who, indeed, can defile an already inherent inner impurity (or, make an inner blemish dirtier)?

Words meanings summery:

• आकाश (ākāśa) - O sky! O space!

• काशसि (kāśasi) - you shine, you appear

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which

• शशाङ्कबिम्बम् (śaśāṅkabimbam) - the moon's orb, disc of the moon

• त्वत्-कीर्ण-कज्जलतमः (tvat-kīrṇa-kajjalatamaḥ) - whose darkness is like soot scattered by you

• मलिनः (malinaḥ) - dirty, stained, impure

• असितत्वम् (asitatvam) - blackness, darkness

• सङ्गात् (saṅgāt) - from contact, from association

• न (na) - not, no

• यत् (yat) - which (accusative), that which

• नयसि (nayasi) - you lead, you remove, you carry away

• तत् (tat) - that (nominative), therefore

• खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly, surely

• चित्रम् (citram) - wonderful, astonishing

• उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - highly, greatly, loudly

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• नाम (nāma) - indeed, verily, by name

• वा (vā) - or, either (emphatic particle)

• अन्तरम् (antaram) - inner, internal

• मलम् (malam) - impurity, dirt, stain

• मलिनीकरोति (malinīkaroti) - makes dirty, defiles

Words meanings and morphology

आकाश (ākāśa) - O sky! O space!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, space, ether (one of the five elements)

From root 'kāś' (to shine) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: kāś (class 1)

काशसि (kāśasi) - you shine, you appear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of kāś

Present Active

From root 'kāś' (to shine, to appear).

Root: kāś (class 1)

तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

(indeclinable)

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which

(indeclinable)

From pronominal base 'ya' + suffix 'tra'.

शशाङ्कबिम्बम् (śaśāṅkabimbam) - the moon's orb, disc of the moon

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śaśāṅkabimba

śaśāṅkabimba - moon's orb, disc of the moon

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (śaśāṅka+bimba)

• śaśāṅka – moon (literally 'marked by a hare')
  noun (masculine)
  From 'śaśa' (hare) + 'aṅka' (mark).
• bimba – disc, orb, reflection, image
  noun (neuter)

त्वत्-कीर्ण-कज्जलतमः (tvat-kīrṇa-kajjalatamaḥ) - whose darkness is like soot scattered by you

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvatkīrṇakajjalatamas

tvatkīrṇakajjalatamas - darkness like soot scattered by you

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tvat+kīrṇa+kajjala+tamas)

• tvat – by you (ablative of 'tvam')
  pronoun
  Ablative singular form of 'tvam' (you).
• kīrṇa – scattered, spread
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kṛ' (to scatter, to strew).
  Root: kṛ (class 6)
• kajjala – soot, lamp-black
  noun (neuter)
• tamas – darkness, gloom
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tam (class 4)

मलिनः (malinaḥ) - dirty, stained, impure

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of malina

malina - dirty, foul, impure, black

From root 'mal' (to dirty) with suffix 'ina'.

Root: mal (class 1)

असितत्वम् (asitatvam) - blackness, darkness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asitatva

asitatva - blackness, dark color, state of being black

From 'asita' (black) + 'tva' (suffix for state/nature).

सङ्गात् (saṅgāt) - from contact, from association

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of saṅga

saṅga - contact, attachment, association, union

From root 'sañj' (to cling to, to attach) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: sañj (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which (accusative), that which

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

नयसि (nayasi) - you lead, you remove, you carry away

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of nī

Present Active

From root 'nī' (to lead).

Root: nī (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that (nominative), therefore

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

चित्रम् (citram) - wonderful, astonishing

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citra

citra - wonderful, astonishing, diverse, bright, picture

उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - highly, greatly, loudly

(indeclinable)

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

नाम (nāma) - indeed, verily, by name

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

अन्तरम् (antaram) - inner, internal

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - inner, internal, intermediate, difference, interval

मलम् (malam) - impurity, dirt, stain

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mala

mala - dirt, impurity, stain, defilement

Root: mal (class 1)

मलिनीकरोति (malinīkaroti) - makes dirty, defiles

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of malinīkṛ

Present Active (Denominative)

Denominative verb formed from adjective 'malina' (dirty) + verb 'kṛ' (to do, to make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

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