योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-116, verse-60

त्वत्तः कोऽधम इत्युदीरितवते श्वोवाच हासान्वितं मत्तो मौर्ख्यममेध्यमान्ध्यमशुभं यः सेवते सोधिकः शौर्यं भक्तिरकृत्रिमा धृतिरिति श्रीमान्गुणो योस्ति मे मूर्खादेष गुणः प्रयत्ननिचयैरन्विष्य नो लभ्यते ॥ ६० ॥ tvattaḥ ko'dhama ityudīritavate śvovāca hāsānvitaṃ matto maurkhyamamedhyamāndhyamaśubhaṃ yaḥ sevate sodhikaḥ śauryaṃ bhaktirakṛtrimā dhṛtiriti śrīmānguṇo yosti me mūrkhādeṣa guṇaḥ prayatnanicayairanviṣya no labhyate ।
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60 ।
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त्वत्तः कोऽधम इत्युदीरितवते श्वोवाच हासान्वितं मत्तो
मौर्ख्यममेध्यमान्ध्यमशुभं यः सेवते सोधिकः शौर्यं
भक्तिरकृत्रिमा धृतिरिति श्रीमान्गुणो योस्ति मे
मूर्खादेष गुणः प्रयत्ननिचयैरन्विष्य नो लभ्यते ॥ ६० ॥

60. tvattaḥ kaḥ adhamaḥ iti udīritavate śvā uvāca hāsa anvitam
mattaḥ maurkhyam amedhyam āndhyam aśubham yaḥ sevate saḥ adhikaḥ
śauryam bhaktiḥ akṛtrimā dhṛtiḥ iti śrīmān guṇaḥ yaḥ asti
me mūrkhāt eṣaḥ guṇaḥ prayatna nicayaiḥ anviṣya no labhyate

60. śvā hāsa anvitam uvāca tvattaḥ kaḥ adhamaḥ iti udīritavate
yaḥ mattaḥ maurkhyam amedhyam āndhyam aśubham sevate saḥ adhikaḥ
me yaḥ śauryam akṛtrimā bhaktiḥ dhṛtiḥ iti śrīmān guṇaḥ
asti eṣaḥ guṇaḥ mūrkhāt prayatna nicayaiḥ anviṣya no labhyate

60. To him who asked, "Who is lower than you?" the dog replied with a laugh: "He who cultivates foolishness, impurity, blindness, and inauspiciousness more than me, he is truly lower. And the glorious qualities (guṇa) like valor, unfeigned devotion (bhakti), and steadfastness (dhṛti) that reside in me—these qualities cannot be obtained from a fool, even when sought with great effort."

Words meanings summery:

• त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you, than you

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• अधमः (adhamaḥ) - lower, baser, worst

• इति (iti) - thus, so, saying

• उदीरितवते (udīritavate) - to him who said/uttered

• श्वा (śvā) - the dog

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• हास (hāsa) - laughter, smile

• अन्वितम् (anvitam) - accompanied by, connected with, endowed with

• मत्तः (mattaḥ) - from me, than me

• मौर्ख्यम् (maurkhyam) - foolishness, stupidity, ignorance

• अमेध्यम् (amedhyam) - impurity, filth

• आन्ध्यम् (āndhyam) - blindness, ignorance

• अशुभम् (aśubham) - inauspiciousness, evil

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• सेवते (sevate) - serves, cultivates, indulges in, honors

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अधिकः (adhikaḥ) - more [lowly/degraded] (used ironically) (more, superior, excessive)

• शौर्यम् (śauryam) - valor, heroism, bravery

• भक्तिः (bhaktiḥ) - devotion, attachment, loyalty

• अकृत्रिमा (akṛtrimā) - unfeigned, natural, not artificial

• धृतिः (dhṛtiḥ) - steadfastness, fortitude, courage

• इति (iti) - thus (introducing a list) (thus, so)

• श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, splendid, illustrious

• गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality, virtue, attribute

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• मे (me) - in me (to me, my, in me)

• मूर्खात् (mūrkhāt) - from a fool

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

• गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality, virtue, attribute

• प्रयत्न (prayatna) - effort, exertion, endeavor

• निचयैः (nicayaiḥ) - by great effort (lit. by collections of efforts) (by accumulations, by heaps, by multitudes)

• अन्विष्य (anviṣya) - having searched, having sought

• नो (no) - not, nor

• लभ्यते (labhyate) - is obtained, is found, is acquired

Words meanings and morphology

त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you, than you

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tvat

tvat - you (pronoun)

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

अधमः (adhamaḥ) - lower, baser, worst

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhama

adhama - lowest, basest, worst, mean, vile

Superlative degree (irregular) of adha (below)

इति (iti) - thus, so, saying

(indeclinable)

उदीरितवते (udīritavate) - to him who said/uttered

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of udīritavat

udīritavat - having said, having uttered, one who has spoken

Perfect Active Participle

From ud + √īr (to move, utter)

Prefix: ud

Root: īr (class 2)

श्वा (śvā) - the dog

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvan

śvan - dog

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect

Root: vac (class 2)

हास (hāsa) - laughter, smile

(noun)

masculine, singular of hāsa

hāsa - laughter, mirth, smile

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Part of compound 'hāsānvitaṃ'

अन्वितम् (anvitam) - accompanied by, connected with, endowed with

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anvita

anvita - accompanied by, connected with, joined, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

From anu + √i (to go)

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies the action of speaking, adverbial use.

मत्तः (mattaḥ) - from me, than me

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of mat

mat - I, me (pronoun)

मौर्ख्यम् (maurkhyam) - foolishness, stupidity, ignorance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of maurkhya

maurkhya - foolishness, stupidity, ignorance

Abstract noun from mūrkha (foolish)

अमेध्यम् (amedhyam) - impurity, filth

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of amedhya

amedhya - impurity, filth, unholiness (noun derived from adjective)

Derived from a-medhya (impure)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+medhya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• medhya – pure, clean, sacred
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From √medh (to purify)
  Root: medh (class 1)

आन्ध्यम् (āndhyam) - blindness, ignorance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āndhya

āndhya - blindness, obscurity, ignorance

Abstract noun from andha (blind)

अशुभम् (aśubham) - inauspiciousness, evil

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aśubha

aśubha - inauspicious, evil, bad (adjective); inauspiciousness, evil (noun)

Derived from a-śubha (not auspicious)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śubha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• śubha – auspicious, good, beautiful
  adjective (masculine)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

सेवते (sevate) - serves, cultivates, indulges in, honors

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of sev

present

Root: sev (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - he, she, it, that (demonstrative pronoun)

अधिकः (adhikaḥ) - more [lowly/degraded] (used ironically) (more, superior, excessive)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhika

adhika - additional, excessive, superior, more

शौर्यम् (śauryam) - valor, heroism, bravery

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śaurya

śaurya - valor, heroism, bravery, prowess

Abstract noun from śūra (hero)

भक्तिः (bhaktiḥ) - devotion, attachment, loyalty

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhakti

bhakti - devotion, attachment, loyalty, service, worship (bhakti)

From √bhaj (to divide, to share, to worship)

Root: bhaj (class 1)

अकृत्रिमा (akṛtrimā) - unfeigned, natural, not artificial

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of akṛtrima

akṛtrima - natural, not artificial, unfeigned, genuine

Compound of a- (not) + kṛtrima (artificial)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṛtrima)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• kṛtrima – artificial, factitious, adopted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

धृतिः (dhṛtiḥ) - steadfastness, fortitude, courage

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dhṛti

dhṛti - steadfastness, fortitude, firmness, courage, resolve

From √dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus (introducing a list) (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, splendid, illustrious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīmat

śrīmat - glorious, splendid, prosperous, beautiful, venerable

From śrī (wealth, glory) + mat (possessive suffix)

गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality, virtue, attribute

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, attribute, property

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

present

Root: as (class 2)

मे (me) - in me (to me, my, in me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (pronoun)

Note: Can also be genitive.

मूर्खात् (mūrkhāt) - from a fool

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of mūrkha

mūrkha - foolish, stupid, ignorant; a fool, an ignorant person

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this (demonstrative pronoun)

गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality, virtue, attribute

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, attribute, property

प्रयत्न (prayatna) - effort, exertion, endeavor

(noun)

masculine, singular of prayatna

prayatna - effort, exertion, endeavor, attempt

From pra + √yat (to strive, exert)

Prefix: pra

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Part of compound 'prayatnanicayaiḥ'

निचयैः (nicayaiḥ) - by great effort (lit. by collections of efforts) (by accumulations, by heaps, by multitudes)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nicaya

nicaya - accumulation, heap, multitude, collection

From ni + √ci (to collect)

Prefix: ni

Root: ci (class 5)

अन्विष्य (anviṣya) - having searched, having sought

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From anu + √iṣ (to seek)

Prefix: anu

Root: iṣ (class 4)

नो (no) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

लभ्यते (labhyate) - is obtained, is found, is acquired

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of labh

present passive

Root: labh (class 1)

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