योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-116, verse-77

किं किं कोकिल कूजसि द्रुतरवं हर्षात्समुल्लासितं ग्रीवाकोटरतः प्रवेशय पुनर्मा भूच्चिरं ते भ्रमः ।
उद्दामैः कुसुमैर्निरन्तरतरं नेदं मधोर्जृम्भितं हेमंतेन कृतास्तुषारनिकरैः शुष्का अमी पादपाः ॥ ७७ ॥

kiṃ kiṃ kokila kūjasi drutaravaṃ harṣātsamullāsitaṃ grīvākoṭarataḥ praveśaya punarmā bhūcciraṃ te bhramaḥ ,
uddāmaiḥ kusumairnirantarataraṃ nedaṃ madhorjṛmbhitaṃ hemaṃtena kṛtāstuṣāranikaraiḥ śuṣkā amī pādapāḥ 77

77. kim kim kokila kūjasi drutaravam harṣāt samullāsitam
grīvākoṭarataḥ praveśaya punaḥ mā bhūt ciram te bhramaḥ
udāmaiḥ kusumaiḥ nirantarataram na idam madhoḥ
jṛmbhitam hemantena kṛtāḥ tuṣāranikaraiḥ śuṣkāḥ amī pādapāḥ

77. kokila kim kim drutaravam harṣāt samullāsitam kūjasi
punaḥ grīvākoṭarataḥ praveśaya te bhramaḥ ciram mā bhūt
idam udāmaiḥ kusumaiḥ nirantarataram madhoḥ jṛmbhitam
na amī pādapāḥ hemantena tuṣāranikaraiḥ śuṣkāḥ kṛtāḥ

77. O cuckoo, why, oh why do you sing with such a rapid sound, exhilarated with joy? Take that sound back into your throat's hollow; may your illusion (bhrama) not last long! This is not the exuberant blossoming of spring (madhu), continuously rich with magnificent flowers. These trees, made dry by winter, stand with masses of frost.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what? why?

• किम् (kim) - what? why?

• कोकिल (kokila) - O cuckoo

• कूजसि (kūjasi) - you sing, you make a sound

• द्रुतरवम् (drutaravam) - rapid sound, quick noise

• हर्षात् (harṣāt) - from joy, due to joy

• समुल्लासितम् (samullāsitam) - exhilarated, uplifted, made joyous

• ग्रीवाकोटरतः (grīvākoṭarataḥ) - from the hollow of the throat

• प्रवेशय (praveśaya) - cause to enter, make it enter, put it back

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, back, furthermore

• मा (mā) - do not

• भूत् (bhūt) - let it be

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

• ते (te) - your, to you

• भ्रमः (bhramaḥ) - illusion, delusion, error, wandering

• उदामैः (udāmaiḥ) - with magnificent, with abundant, with excessive

• कुसुमैः (kusumaiḥ) - with flowers

• निरन्तरतरम् (nirantarataram) - more continuously, more densely, very continuously

• न (na) - not

• इदम् (idam) - this

• मधोः (madhoḥ) - of spring (of spring, of honey)

• जृम्भितम् (jṛmbhitam) - blossoming (blossoming, yawning, expansion)

• हेमन्तेन (hemantena) - by winter

• कृताः (kṛtāḥ) - made, done, caused

• तुषारनिकरैः (tuṣāranikaraiḥ) - by masses of frost, by heaps of ice

• शुष्काः (śuṣkāḥ) - dry, dried up

• अमी (amī) - these

• पादपाः (pādapāḥ) - trees

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what? why?

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an interrogative adverb 'why'.

किम् (kim) - what? why?

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition for emphasis.

कोकिल (kokila) - O cuckoo

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kokila

kokila - cuckoo

कूजसि (kūjasi) - you sing, you make a sound

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of kūj

root of the 1st conjugation class (bhvādi)

Root: kūj (class 1)

द्रुतरवम् (drutaravam) - rapid sound, quick noise

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of drutarava

drutarava - rapid sound, quick noise

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (druta+rava)

• druta – rapid, swift, quick
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root *dru* (to run)
  Root: dru (class 1)
• rava – sound, cry, noise
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ru (class 2)

हर्षात् (harṣāt) - from joy, due to joy

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of harṣa

harṣa - joy, delight, pleasure

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

समुल्लासितम् (samullāsitam) - exhilarated, uplifted, made joyous

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samullāsita

samullāsita - exhilarated, uplifted, made joyous, made to shine

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root *las* with prefixes *sam-* and *ut-*

Prefixes: sam+ut

Root: las (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kūjasi' (the action of singing) or 'ravam' (the sound).

ग्रीवाकोटरतः (grīvākoṭarataḥ) - from the hollow of the throat

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of grīvākoṭara

grīvākoṭara - throat hollow, cavity of the neck

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (grīvā+koṭara)

• grīvā – throat, neck
  noun (feminine)
• koṭara – hollow, cavity, hole in a tree
  noun (neuter)

Note: The suffix -taḥ indicates movement from or origin.

प्रवेशय (praveśaya) - cause to enter, make it enter, put it back

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of praveś

Causative verb

Derived from root *viś* (6P) with prefix *pra-*

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, back, furthermore

(indeclinable)

मा (mā) - do not

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with Aorist (luṅ) to express prohibition.

भूत् (bhūt) - let it be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

root of the 1st conjugation class (bhvādi)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used with 'mā' for prohibition: 'may it not be'.

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

ते (te) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Alternative form for genitive singular.

भ्रमः (bhramaḥ) - illusion, delusion, error, wandering

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrama

bhrama - wandering, moving about, illusion, error, delusion

Root: bhram (class 1)

उदामैः (udāmaiḥ) - with magnificent, with abundant, with excessive

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of udāma

udāma - magnificent, abundant, excessive, unrestrained

Note: Agrees with 'kusumaiḥ'.

कुसुमैः (kusumaiḥ) - with flowers

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of kusuma

kusuma - flower, blossom

निरन्तरतरम् (nirantarataram) - more continuously, more densely, very continuously

(adverb)

Compound type : compound adverb (nirantara+taram)

• nirantara – continuous, dense, uninterrupted
  adjective
  Prefix: nir

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

मधोः (madhoḥ) - of spring (of spring, of honey)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of madhu

madhu - honey, sweet, spring (season)

जृम्भितम् (jṛmbhitam) - blossoming (blossoming, yawning, expansion)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jṛmbhita

jṛmbhita - blossoming, yawning, expansion, display

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root *jṛmbh* (to yawn, to expand, to blossom)

Root: jṛmbh (class 1)

Note: Used as a noun meaning 'the act of blossoming'.

हेमन्तेन (hemantena) - by winter

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hemanta

hemanta - winter, the cold season

कृताः (kṛtāḥ) - made, done, caused

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root *kṛ* (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'pādapāḥ'.

तुषारनिकरैः (tuṣāranikaraiḥ) - by masses of frost, by heaps of ice

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tuṣāranikara

tuṣāranikara - mass of frost, heap of ice

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tuṣāra+nikara)

• tuṣāra – frost, ice, snow
  noun (masculine)
• nikara – heap, mass, collection, multitude
  noun (masculine)

शुष्काः (śuṣkāḥ) - dry, dried up

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śuṣka

śuṣka - dry, withered, parched

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root *śuṣ* (to dry, wither)

Root: śuṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'pādapāḥ'.

अमी (amī) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of adas

adas - that, those (demonstrative pronoun, often referring to things at a distance or previously mentioned)

पादपाः (pādapāḥ) - trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pādapa

pādapa - tree (literally 'foot-drinker')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pāda+pa)

• pāda – foot, root
  noun (masculine)
• pa – drinker, protector
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root 'pā' (to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)