योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-116, verse-15

आकाश काशमसि निर्मलमच्छमुच्चैराधार उन्नततयोत्तममुत्तमानाम् ।
त्वामेत्य किंतु विरलं करकाघनोऽयं लोकं विमर्दयति तेन परोऽसि नीचैः ॥ १५ ॥

ākāśa kāśamasi nirmalamacchamuccairādhāra unnatatayottamamuttamānām ,
tvāmetya kiṃtu viralaṃ karakāghano'yaṃ lokaṃ vimardayati tena paro'si nīcaiḥ 15

15. ākāśa kāśam asi nirmalam accham uccaiḥ-ādhāra
unnatatayā uttamam uttamānām | tvām
etya kim tu viralam karaka-ghanaḥ ayam
lokam vimardayati tena paraḥ asi nīcaiḥ ||

15. ākāśa! tvam kāśam asi nirmalam accham uccaiḥ-ādhāra unnatatayā uttamānām uttamam.
kim tu ayam karaka-ghanaḥ viralam tvām etya lokam vimardayati.
tena nīcaiḥ paraḥ asi.

15. O space (ākāśa), you are luminous, pure, clear, a high support, and supremely excellent among the excellent due to your exalted nature. Yet, this hail-cloud, reaching you, sometimes devastates the world. Therefore, you are truly superior to what is base.

Words meanings summery:

• आकाश (ākāśa) - O space (ākāśa), O ether

• काशम् (kāśam) - shining, luminous, appearing

• असि (asi) - you are

• निर्मलम् (nirmalam) - pure, spotless, clear

• अच्छम् (accham) - clear, transparent, pure

• उच्चैः-आधार (uccaiḥ-ādhāra) - high support, lofty foundation

• उन्नततया (unnatatayā) - by reason of loftiness, due to exaltedness

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - best, supreme, excellent

• उत्तमानाम् (uttamānām) - of the excellent, of the best ones

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

• एत्य (etya) - having reached, having gone to

• किम् (kim) - but, however, yet

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

• विरलम् (viralam) - rarely, sparsely, occasionally

• करक-घनः (karaka-ghanaḥ) - hail-cloud

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• लोकम् (lokam) - world, people, region

• विमर्दयति (vimardayati) - crushes, devastates, tramples

• तेन (tena) - by that, therefore, by him/it

• परः (paraḥ) - superior, beyond, highest

• असि (asi) - you are

• नीचैः (nīcaiḥ) - superior to that which is base/lowly (low, below, lowly (adverbial))

Words meanings and morphology

आकाश (ākāśa) - O space (ākāśa), O ether

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - space, ether, sky

काशम् (kāśam) - shining, luminous, appearing

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāśa

kāśa - shining, light, appearance, lustre

Derived from root kāś (to shine, appear)

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective to an implied 'tvam'.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

निर्मलम् (nirmalam) - pure, spotless, clear

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nirmala

nirmala - pure, clean, spotless, stainless, clear

nir (without) + mala (dirt, impurity)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (nir+mala)

• nir – without, out of, away from
  prefix
• mala – dirt, impurity, stain, filth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'kāśam'.

अच्छम् (accham) - clear, transparent, pure

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of accha

accha - clear, transparent, pure, brilliant

Note: Agrees with 'kāśam'.

उच्चैः-आधार (uccaiḥ-ādhāra) - high support, lofty foundation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uccaiḥ-ādhāra

uccaiḥ-ādhāra - a high support or basis, lofty foundation

Compound of uccaiḥ (high, lofty) + ādhāra (support)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (uccaiḥ+ādhāra)

• uccaiḥ – high, aloft, loudly, above
  indeclinable
• ādhāra – support, basis, receptacle, container
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from ā-dhṛ (to hold, support)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate noun to an implied 'tvam'.

उन्नततया (unnatatayā) - by reason of loftiness, due to exaltedness

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of unnatatā

unnatatā - loftiness, elevated state, exaltedness

unnata (elevated) + tā (abstract noun suffix)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (unnata+tā)

• unnata – elevated, high, risen, exalted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from ut-nam (to rise, lift up)
  Prefix: ut
  Root: nam (class 1)
• tā – suffix for abstract noun (e.g. -ness, -hood)
  suffix (feminine)

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - best, supreme, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - best, highest, supreme, excellent, chief

Derived from ut (up, superior) + -tama (superlative suffix)

Note: Agrees with 'kāśam'.

उत्तमानाम् (uttamānām) - of the excellent, of the best ones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of uttama

uttama - best, highest, supreme, excellent, chief

Derived from ut (up, superior) + -tama (superlative suffix)

Note: Used here as a noun meaning 'the excellent ones'.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of tvam

tvam - you (singular)

एत्य (etya) - having reached, having gone to

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root i (to go) + -ya suffix (preceded by a prefix, but 'i' can sometimes form with just -ya)

Root: i (class 2)

किम् (kim) - but, however, yet

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a particle for emphasis or transition.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

विरलम् (viralam) - rarely, sparsely, occasionally

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of virala

virala - rare, sparse, loose, occasional, separate

Note: Used adverbially here.

करक-घनः (karaka-ghanaḥ) - hail-cloud

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karaka-ghana

karaka-ghana - a cloud that produces hail, hail-cloud

Compound of karaka (hail) + ghana (cloud)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karaka+ghana)

• karaka – hail, hailstones
  noun (masculine)
• ghana – cloud, dense, solid, mass
  noun (masculine)

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to 'karaka-ghanaḥ'.

लोकम् (lokam) - world, people, region

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, common folk

विमर्दयति (vimardayati) - crushes, devastates, tramples

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vimṛd

Causative form of vi-mṛd

Prefix: vi

Root: mṛd (class 10)

तेन (tena) - by that, therefore, by him/it

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'therefore'.

परः (paraḥ) - superior, beyond, highest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of para

para - other, another, supreme, highest, excellent, subsequent

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

नीचैः (nīcaiḥ) - superior to that which is base/lowly (low, below, lowly (adverbial))

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here in the sense of 'to what is low' or 'in relation to what is low'.