योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-116, verse-51

नित्यं स्नासि सुतीर्थवारिविसरैरुच्चैःपदस्थोऽम्बुदः शुद्धः सन्विपिनावनौ निवससि प्रारब्धमौनव्रतः ।
रिक्तस्याप्यतिकान्तिरेव भवतः कायाश्रया लक्ष्यते प्रोत्थायाशनिमातनोषि किमिदं तुच्छं तवाचेष्टितम् ॥ ५१ ॥

nityaṃ snāsi sutīrthavārivisarairuccaiḥpadastho'mbudaḥ śuddhaḥ sanvipināvanau nivasasi prārabdhamaunavrataḥ ,
riktasyāpyatikāntireva bhavataḥ kāyāśrayā lakṣyate protthāyāśanimātanoṣi kimidaṃ tucchaṃ tavāceṣṭitam 51

51. nityaṃ snāsi su-tīrtha-vāri-visaraiḥ uccaiḥ-padasthaḥ ambudaḥ
śuddhaḥ san vipina-avanau nivasasi prārabdha-mauna-vrataḥ
riktasya api ati-kāntiḥ eva bhavataḥ kāya-āśrayā lakṣyate
protthāya aśanim ātanosi kim idam tuccham tava aceṣṭitam

51. ambudaḥ! tvaṃ nityaṃ su-tīrtha-vāri-visaraiḥ snāsi,
uccaiḥ-padasthaḥ śuddhaḥ san prārabdha-mauna-vrataḥ vipina-avanau nivasasi.
riktasya api bhavataḥ ati-kāntiḥ eva kāya-āśrayā lakṣyate.
kim idam tava tuccham aceṣṭitam protthāya aśanim ātanosi?

51. O Cloud, you constantly bathe in the expansive waters of sacred fords, you reside in a high position, and being pure, you dwell in the forest, having undertaken a vow of silence. Yet, even when you are empty, a profound splendor is perceived in your form. Why then, having risen, do you unleash thunderbolts? What a trivial action this is of yours!

51. הוי ענן השוכן במרומים, אתה טובל תמיד במימיהם הזכים של מקורות קדושים; בהיותך טהור אתה שוכן ביערות, כמי שקיבל על עצמו נדר שתיקה. אף כשהנך ריק ממים, זוהר כביר ניכר מגופך. מדוע אם כן אתה מתרומם ומשלח ברקים? מה לפעולה נקלית זו ולך?

Words meanings summery:

• नित्यं (nityaṁ) - constantly, always, perpetually

• स्नासि (snāsi) - you bathe

• सु-तीर्थ-वारि-विसरैः (su-tīrtha-vāri-visaraiḥ) - with abundant waters from excellent sacred bathing places

• उच्चैः-पदस्थः (uccaiḥ-padasthaḥ) - situated in a high position

• अम्बुदः (ambudaḥ) - O cloud! (cloud (lit. giver of water))

• शुद्धः (śuddhaḥ) - pure, clean, clear

• सन् (san) - being, existing

• विपिन-अवनौ (vipina-avanau) - in the forest region/earth

• निवससि (nivasasi) - you dwell, you reside, you inhabit

• प्रारब्ध-मौन-व्रतः (prārabdha-mauna-vrataḥ) - having undertaken a vow of silence

• रिक्तस्य (riktasya) - of the empty one, even when empty

• अपि (api) - even though (even, also, too)

• अति-कान्तिः (ati-kāntiḥ) - profound splendor (excessive splendor/beauty)

• एव (eva) - truly, indeed, only

• भवतः (bhavataḥ) - of you (respectful form)

• काय-आश्रया (kāya-āśrayā) - residing in your form (residing in the body, embodied, corporeal)

• लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is perceived, is seen, appears

• प्रोत्थाय (protthāya) - having risen up, having stood up, having emerged

• अशनिम् (aśanim) - lightning, thunderbolt

• आतनोसि (ātanosi) - you unleash, you cast forth (you spread, extend, produce)

• किम् (kim) - what is this? (rhetorical question) (what? why?)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• तुच्छम् (tuccham) - paltry, trivial, worthless, insignificant

• तव (tava) - your

• अचेष्टितम् (aceṣṭitam) - this trivial action of yours (improper/unseemly action, deed, behavior)

Words meanings and morphology

नित्यं (nityaṁ) - constantly, always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

स्नासि (snāsi) - you bathe

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of snā

Present Tense

Root snā (2nd class, Parasmaipada).

Root: snā (class 2)

सु-तीर्थ-वारि-विसरैः (su-tīrtha-vāri-visaraiḥ) - with abundant waters from excellent sacred bathing places

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of su-tīrtha-vāri-visara

su-tīrtha-vāri-visara - abundance of waters from excellent holy places or fords

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (su-tīrtha+vāri+visara)

• su-tīrtha – an excellent or auspicious bathing place/ford
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: su
• vāri – water
  noun (neuter)
• visara – expansion, multitude, abundance, stream, flow
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: sṛ

उच्चैः-पदस्थः (uccaiḥ-padasthaḥ) - situated in a high position

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uccaiḥ-padastha

uccaiḥ-padastha - situated in a high place/position, high-ranking

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (uccaiḥ+pada+stha)

• uccaiḥ – high, aloft, loudly, strongly
  indeclinable
• pada – foot, step, place, position, station
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pad
• stha – standing, staying, situated, abiding in
  adjective
  From root sthā 'to stand'.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'ambudaḥ'.

अम्बुदः (ambudaḥ) - O cloud! (cloud (lit. giver of water))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ambuda

ambuda - cloud (water-giver)

Compound of ambhas (water) and da (giver, from root dā 'to give').

Compound type : Upapada Tatpuruṣa (ambhas+da)

• ambhas – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, granting; a giver
  adjective/suffix
  From root dā 'to give'.
  Root: dā (class 1)

शुद्धः (śuddhaḥ) - pure, clean, clear

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuddha

śuddha - pure, clean, spotless, clear, purified

Past Passive Participle

From root śudh 'to be clean'.

Root: śudh (class 4)

सन् (san) - being, existing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

as - being, existing; good, real, true

Present Active Participle

From root as 'to be'.

Root: as (class 2)

विपिन-अवनौ (vipina-avanau) - in the forest region/earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of vipina-avani

vipina-avani - forest region, forest land, wild area

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (vipina+avani)

• vipina – forest, grove, thicket
  noun (neuter)
• avani – earth, ground, land, region
  noun (feminine)
  Root: av

निवससि (nivasasi) - you dwell, you reside, you inhabit

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vas

Present Tense

Root vas (1st class, Parasmaipada) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

प्रारब्ध-मौन-व्रतः (prārabdha-mauna-vrataḥ) - having undertaken a vow of silence

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prārabdha-mauna-vrata

prārabdha-mauna-vrata - one who has commenced/undertaken a vow of silence

`prārabdha` is a Past Passive Participle (from pra + ā + rabh).

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (prārabdha+mauna+vrata)

• prārabdha – commenced, undertaken, begun, initiated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root rabh with prefixes pra and ā.
  Prefixes: pra+ā
  Root: rabh (class 1)
• mauna – silence, taciturnity
  noun (neuter)
  Root: mun
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice, rule
  noun (neuter)

रिक्तस्य (riktasya) - of the empty one, even when empty

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rikta

rikta - empty, hollow, vacant, devoid of

Past Passive Participle

From root ric 'to empty'.

Root: ric (class 7)

अपि (api) - even though (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

अति-कान्तिः (ati-kāntiḥ) - profound splendor (excessive splendor/beauty)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ati-kānti

ati-kānti - excessive beauty, great splendor, supernal charm

`ati` is a prefix meaning 'excessive' or 'beyond'.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (ati+kānti)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively, very
  indeclinable
• kānti – beauty, loveliness, splendor, brilliance, charm
  noun (feminine)
  Root: kam

एव (eva) - truly, indeed, only

(indeclinable)

भवतः (bhavataḥ) - of you (respectful form)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your, belonging to you (respectful 2nd person pronoun)

Present Active Participle from bhū

Can be used as a respectful second-person pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

काय-आश्रया (kāya-āśrayā) - residing in your form (residing in the body, embodied, corporeal)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kāya-āśraya

kāya-āśraya - residing in the body, dependent on the body, embodied

`āśraya` (dwelling, resorting to, dependent on) is from root śri with prefix ā.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (kāya+āśraya)

• kāya – body, form, mass, collection
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ci
• āśraya – resorting to, dependent on, dwelling in; a dwelling place
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  From root śri with prefix ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śri (class 1)

लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is perceived, is seen, appears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of lakṣ

Present Tense

Root lakṣ (10th class, Ātmanepada), passive voice form.

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

प्रोत्थाय (protthāya) - having risen up, having stood up, having emerged

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root sthā 'to stand' with prefixes pra and ut.

Prefixes: pra+ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

अशनिम् (aśanim) - lightning, thunderbolt

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aśani

aśani - lightning, thunderbolt, Indra's weapon

From root aś 'to obtain, reach'.

Root: aś (class 5)

Note: Object of 'ātanosi'.

आतनोसि (ātanosi) - you unleash, you cast forth (you spread, extend, produce)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tan

Present Tense

Root tan (8th class, Parasmaipada) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: tan (class 8)

किम् (kim) - what is this? (rhetorical question) (what? why?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which; why? (interrogative pronoun/particle)

Interrogative pronoun (neuter nominative/accusative singular) or interrogative particle.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this (demonstrative pronoun)

तुच्छम् (tuccham) - paltry, trivial, worthless, insignificant

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tuccha

tuccha - empty, trivial, worthless, insignificant, small

Root: tud (class 6)

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

Pronominal genitive singular.

अचेष्टितम् (aceṣṭitam) - this trivial action of yours (improper/unseemly action, deed, behavior)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aceṣṭita

aceṣṭita - improper action, unseemly deed, inaction

Past Passive Participle (used nominally)

From 'a' (negation) + 'ceṣṭita' (action, deed from root ceṣṭ 'to act').

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ceṣṭita)

• a – not, un- (negation prefix)
  indeclinable
• ceṣṭita – acted, done; an action, deed, movement
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used nominally)
  From root ceṣṭ 'to move, act'.
  Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the interrogative phrase.

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