योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-116, verse-32

अस्याः प्राग्भवसत्पतिः स मुनिना शापेन वृक्षीकृतो वर्षद्वादशकं तदेव गणयन्त्येषैव सात्र स्थिता ।
गायत्युत्कलिता तदेव दयितं तं पादपं संश्रिता मार्गे मार्गविहारिणां वदनतो राजन्ममैतच्छ्रुतम् ॥ ३२ ॥

asyāḥ prāgbhavasatpatiḥ sa muninā śāpena vṛkṣīkṛto varṣadvādaśakaṃ tadeva gaṇayantyeṣaiva sātra sthitā ,
gāyatyutkalitā tadeva dayitaṃ taṃ pādapaṃ saṃśritā mārge mārgavihāriṇāṃ vadanato rājanmamaitacchrutam 32

32. asyāḥ prāg-bhava-sat-patiḥ saḥ muninā śāpena vṛkṣī-kṛtaḥ
varṣa-dvādaśakam tat eva gaṇayantī eṣā eva sā atra
sthitā gāyati utkalitā tat eva dayitam tam pādapam saṃśritā
mārge mārga-vihāriṇām vadana-taḥ rājan mama etat śrutam

32. asyāḥ prāg-bhava-sat-patiḥ saḥ muninā śāpena vṛkṣī-kṛtaḥ eṣā eva sā atra sthitā,
tat eva varṣa-dvādaśakam gaṇayantī utkalitā tat eva dayitam tam pādapam saṃśritā gāyati rājan! mama etat mārge mārga-vihāriṇām vadana-taḥ śrutam

32. Her virtuous husband from a previous existence (prāg-bhava-sat-pati) was cursed by a sage (muni) and turned into a tree. This very woman remains here, counting precisely those twelve years (varṣa-dvādaśakam). Full of longing (utkalitā), she sings, having taken refuge in that very tree, which is her beloved. O King (rājan)! I heard this from the mouths of travelers (mārga-vihāriṇām) on the path.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्याः (asyāḥ) - of this (Vidyadhari woman) (of this one, of her)

• प्राग्-भव-सत्-पतिः (prāg-bhava-sat-patiḥ) - her virtuous husband from a previous existence (her former virtuous husband)

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• मुनिना (muninā) - by a sage (muni) (by a sage)

• शापेन (śāpena) - by a sage's curse (by a curse)

• वृक्षी-कृतः (vṛkṣī-kṛtaḥ) - turned into a tree (made into a tree, transformed into a tree)

• वर्ष-द्वादशकम् (varṣa-dvādaśakam) - those twelve years (twelve years)

• तत् (tat) - those very (years) (that, that very thing)

• एव (eva) - precisely, exactly (only, just, indeed)

• गणयन्ती (gaṇayantī) - counting (counting, calculating)

• एषा (eṣā) - this very (woman) (this, this one)

• एव (eva) - very (only, just, indeed)

• सा (sā) - she (she, that)

• अत्र (atra) - here (here, in this place)

• स्थिता (sthitā) - remains (here) (standing, staying, situated)

• गायति (gāyati) - sings (sings, praises)

• उत्कलिता (utkalitā) - full of longing (utkalitā) (full of longing, yearning, blossomed)

• तत् (tat) - that very (tree) (that, that very thing)

• एव (eva) - very (only, just, indeed)

• दयितम् (dayitam) - her beloved (beloved, dear)

• तम् (tam) - that (tree) (that, him)

• पादपम् (pādapam) - that tree (tree, plant)

• संश्रिता (saṁśritā) - having taken refuge in (taken refuge in, resorted to, dependent on)

• मार्गे (mārge) - on the path (on the path, in the road)

• मार्ग-विहारिणाम् (mārga-vihāriṇām) - from the mouths of travelers (mārga-vihārin) (of travelers, of wanderers on the path)

• वदन-तः (vadana-taḥ) - from the mouths (from the mouth, from the face)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King!

• मम (mama) - by me (my, to me, by me)

• एतत् (etat) - this (story) (this, this thing)

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - was heard (heard, listened)

Words meanings and morphology

अस्याः (asyāḥ) - of this (Vidyadhari woman) (of this one, of her)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular genitive/ablative.

प्राग्-भव-सत्-पतिः (prāg-bhava-sat-patiḥ) - her virtuous husband from a previous existence (her former virtuous husband)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāg-bhava-sat-pati

prāg-bhava-sat-pati - virtuous husband from a former existence

Compound of prāg-bhava (former existence), sat (virtuous), and pati (husband).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (prāg-bhava+sat+pati)

• prāg-bhava – former existence, previous birth
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of prāk (before) and bhava (existence).
  Prefix: prāk
• sat – virtuous, good, true, existing
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  From √as (to be).
  Root: √as (class 2)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular nominative.

Note: Refers to the husband.

मुनिना (muninā) - by a sage (muni) (by a sage)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, hermit

i-ending masculine noun.

Note: Agent in passive construction.

शापेन (śāpena) - by a sage's curse (by a curse)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation

From √śap (to curse).

Root: √śap (class 1)

Note: Instrument for the action of 'vṛkṣī-kṛtaḥ'.

वृक्षी-कृतः (vṛkṣī-kṛtaḥ) - turned into a tree (made into a tree, transformed into a tree)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkṣī-kṛta

vṛkṣī-kṛta - made into a tree

Past Passive Participle

Compound formed with kṛta (made) and vṛkṣī (from vṛkṣa, tree).

Compound type : Tatpurusha/Gerundive compound (vṛkṣa+kṛta)

• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)
• kṛta – made, done
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: √kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies saḥ.

वर्ष-द्वादशकम् (varṣa-dvādaśakam) - those twelve years (twelve years)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of varṣa-dvādaśaka

varṣa-dvādaśaka - a period of twelve years

Compound of varṣa (year) and dvādaśaka (group of twelve).

Compound type : Tatpurusha/Dvigu (varṣa+dvādaśaka)

• varṣa – year, rain
  noun (neuter)
• dvādaśaka – group of twelve, consisting of twelve
  adjective (neuter)
  From dvādaśan (twelve).

Note: Object of gaṇayantī.

तत् (tat) - those very (years) (that, that very thing)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter singular nominative/accusative.

Note: Refers to varṣa-dvādaśakam.

एव (eva) - precisely, exactly (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

गणयन्ती (gaṇayantī) - counting (counting, calculating)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of √gaṇ

√gaṇ - to count, to reckon, to consider

Present Active Participle

Present active participle from √gaṇ (10th class) in feminine singular nominative.

Root: √gaṇ (class 10)

एषा (eṣā) - this very (woman) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular nominative.

Note: Refers to the Vidyadhari woman.

एव (eva) - very (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

सा (sā) - she (she, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular nominative.

Note: Refers to the Vidyadhari woman.

अत्र (atra) - here (here, in this place)

(indeclinable)

स्थिता (sthitā) - remains (here) (standing, staying, situated)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of √sthā

√sthā - to stand, to stay, to remain

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from √sthā (1st class) in feminine singular nominative.

Root: √sthā (class 1)

गायति (gāyati) - sings (sings, praises)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √gai

Present Active

Present active, 3rd person singular from √gai (1st class).

Root: √gai (class 1)

उत्कलिता (utkalitā) - full of longing (utkalitā) (full of longing, yearning, blossomed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of utkalitā

utkalitā - yearning, distressed, blossomed, excited

Past Passive Participle

From ut + √kal (to count/sound) or from utkaṇṭhā. Feminine form.

Prefix: ut

Root: √kal (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that very (tree) (that, that very thing)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter singular nominative/accusative.

Note: Modifies dayitam and pādapam.

एव (eva) - very (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

दयितम् (dayitam) - her beloved (beloved, dear)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dayita

dayita - beloved, dear, desired (often used as a noun for 'beloved one')

Past Passive Participle

From √day (to love, pity).

Root: √day (class 1)

तम् (tam) - that (tree) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular accusative.

Note: Refers to pādapam.

पादपम् (pādapam) - that tree (tree, plant)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pādapa

pādapa - tree (literally 'drinking with feet')

From pāda (foot) + pa (drinker).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (pāda+pa)

• pāda – foot, root (of a tree)
  noun (masculine)
• pa – drinking, guarding, protector
  adjective
  From √pā (to drink).
  Root: √pā (class 1)

Note: Object of saṃśritā.

संश्रिता (saṁśritā) - having taken refuge in (taken refuge in, resorted to, dependent on)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of √śri

√śri - to resort to, to depend on, to cling to

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from √śri (1st class) with prefix sam- in feminine singular nominative.

Prefix: sam

Root: √śri (class 1)

मार्गे (mārge) - on the path (on the path, in the road)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, road, way

From √mṛj (to wipe, clean, make a path).

Root: √mṛj (class 2)

मार्ग-विहारिणाम् (mārga-vihāriṇām) - from the mouths of travelers (mārga-vihārin) (of travelers, of wanderers on the path)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mārga-vihārin

mārga-vihārin - one who wanders on the road, traveler

Compound of mārga (path) and vihārin (wanderer).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (mārga+vihārin)

• mārga – path, road, way
  noun (masculine)
• vihārin – wanderer, stroller, one who roams
  adjective (masculine)
  From vi + √hṛ (to take, carry) or vi + √hā (to abandon), or from vihāra (wandering).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: √hṛ (class 1)

वदन-तः (vadana-taḥ) - from the mouths (from the mouth, from the face)

(indeclinable)

From √vad (to speak) + ana suffix. The -taḥ is an adverbial suffix meaning 'from'.

Root: √vad (class 1)

Note: Adverbial suffix -taḥ indicates origin.

राजन् (rājan) - O King!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-ending masculine noun, vocative singular.

Note: Direct address from the narrator.

मम (mama) - by me (my, to me, by me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

1st person pronoun, genitive singular (or instrumental in some older forms). Here, agent of passive.

एतत् (etat) - this (story) (this, this thing)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter singular nominative/accusative.

Note: Subject of passive 'śrutam'.

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - was heard (heard, listened)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of √śru

√śru - to hear, to listen

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from √śru (5th class) in neuter singular nominative.

Root: √śru (class 5)

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