महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-55, verse-7

छत्राणि वालव्यजनानि केतूनश्वान्रथान्पत्तिगणान्द्विपांश्च ।
ते पेतुरुर्व्यां बहुधा विरूपा वातप्रभग्नानि यथा वनानि ॥७॥

7. chatrāṇi vālavyajanāni ketū;naśvānrathānpattigaṇāndvipāṁśca ,
te petururvyāṁ bahudhā virūpā; vātaprabhagnāni yathā vanāni.

7. chatrāṇi vālavyajanāni ketūn
aśvān rathān pattigaṇān dvipān
ca te petuḥ urvyām bahudhā virūpā
vātaprabhagnāni yathā vanāni

7. chatrāṇi vālavyajanāni ketūn aśvān rathān pattigaṇān ca dvipān ca te bahudhā virūpā vātaprabhagnāni vanāni yathā urvyām petuḥ.

7. Parasols, yak-tail whisks, banners, horses, chariots, infantry units, and elephants—all these fell to the earth, disfigured and scattered, just like trees in a forest shattered by a storm.

Words meanings summery:

• छत्राणि (chatrāṇi) - royal parasols, symbolic of high rank (parasols, umbrellas)

• वालव्यजनानि (vālavyajanāni) - royal regalia (yak-tail whisks, chowries)

• केतून् (ketūn) - military standards (banners, flags, standards)

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - war horses (horses)

• रथान् (rathān) - war chariots (chariots)

• पत्तिगणान् (pattigaṇān) - infantry troops, groups of foot soldiers

• द्विपान् (dvipān) - war elephants (elephants)

• च (ca) - and, also

• ते (te) - refers to the collection of items and beings mentioned earlier (they, these)

• पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

• उर्व्याम् (urvyām) - on the earth, on the ground

• बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, manifold, scattered

• विरूपा (virūpā) - disfigured, deformed, ugly, mangled

• वातप्रभग्नानि (vātaprabhagnāni) - shattered by the wind, broken by the storm

• यथा (yathā) - introduces a simile (as, just as, like)

• वनानि (vanāni) - forests, groves (trees in a forest)

Words meanings and morphology

छत्राणि (chatrāṇi) - royal parasols, symbolic of high rank (parasols, umbrellas)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of chatra

chatra - parasol, umbrella, canopy

Note: Object of implicit action (destroyed/cut).

वालव्यजनानि (vālavyajanāni) - royal regalia (yak-tail whisks, chowries)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vālavyajana

vālavyajana - yak-tail whisk, chowrie

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāla+vyajana)

• vāla – hair, tail (of an animal)
  noun (masculine)
• vyajana – fan, whisk
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of implicit action.

केतून् (ketūn) - military standards (banners, flags, standards)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ketu

ketu - banner, flag, standard, emblem

Note: Object of implicit action.

अश्वान् (aśvān) - war horses (horses)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Object of implicit action.

रथान् (rathān) - war chariots (chariots)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot

Note: Object of implicit action.

पत्तिगणान् (pattigaṇān) - infantry troops, groups of foot soldiers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pattigaṇa

pattigaṇa - body of infantry, foot soldiers, infantry troop

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (patti+gaṇa)

• patti – foot soldier, infantry
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, multitude, troop
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of implicit action.

द्विपान् (dvipān) - war elephants (elephants)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dvipa

dvipa - elephant (lit. 'two-drinker', referring to its trunk for water and mouth for food)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+pa)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• pa – drinker (from root pā, to drink)
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root 'pā' (to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Object of implicit action.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

ते (te) - refers to the collection of items and beings mentioned earlier (they, these)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Subject of petuḥ.

पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pat

Perfect Active

From root 'pat'

Root: pat (class 1)

उर्व्याम् (urvyām) - on the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of urvī

urvī - earth, ground

Note: Location of falling.

बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, manifold, scattered

(indeclinable)

Suffix -dhā from bahu (many)

Note: Adverb modifying petuḥ.

विरूपा (virūpā) - disfigured, deformed, ugly, mangled

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of virūpa

virūpa - disfigured, deformed, ugly, dissimilar

Compound of vi (negative prefix) and rūpa (form)

Compound type : privative bahuvrīhi (vi+rūpa)

• vi – prefix indicating separation, disjunction, negation
  indeclinable
• rūpa – form, shape, beauty, appearance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies te (implicitly the neuter aggregate of items).

वातप्रभग्नानि (vātaprabhagnāni) - shattered by the wind, broken by the storm

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vātaprabhagna

vātaprabhagna - broken by the wind, shattered by a storm

Past Passive Participle

Compound of vāta (wind) and prabhagna (broken)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāta+prabhagna)

• vāta – wind, air, storm
  noun (masculine)
• prabhagna – broken, shattered, defeated
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'bhañj' (to break) with prefix 'pra-'
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Modifies vanāni in the simile.

यथा (yathā) - introduces a simile (as, just as, like)

(indeclinable)

वनानि (vanāni) - forests, groves (trees in a forest)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, cluster of trees

Note: Part of the simile.