महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-55, verse-57

सा भीमभुजनिर्मुक्ता नागजिह्वेव चञ्चला ।
निपपात रथे तूर्णं सौबलस्य महात्मनः ॥५७॥

57. sā bhīmabhujanirmuktā nāgajihveva cañcalā ,
nipapāta rathe tūrṇaṁ saubalasya mahātmanaḥ.

57. sā bhīmabhujanirmuktā nāgajihvā iva cañcalā
nipapāta rathe tūrṇaṃ saubalasya mahātmanaḥ

57. bhīmabhujanirmuktā sā cañcalā nāgajihvā iva
tūrṇaṃ mahātmanaḥ saubalasya rathe nipapāta

57. That (śakti), released from Bhima's arm, flickering like a serpent's tongue, swiftly fell upon the chariot of the great-souled son of Subala (Shakuni).

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - that (śakti, the spear) (that; she)

• भीमभुजनिर्मुक्ता (bhīmabhujanirmuktā) - released from Bhima's arm

• नागजिह्वा (nāgajihvā) - a serpent's tongue

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• चञ्चला (cañcalā) - describing the spear's movement (flickering, unsteady, quivering)

• निपपात (nipapāta) - it fell down; it fell

• रथे (rathe) - on the chariot

• तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - quickly, swiftly

• सौबलस्य (saubalasya) - of Shakuni, the son of Subala (of Subala's son)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled Shakuni (conventionally or potentially sarcastically) (of the great-souled one; of the noble one)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - that (śakti, the spear) (that; she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, she, he, it

भीमभुजनिर्मुक्ता (bhīmabhujanirmuktā) - released from Bhima's arm

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhīmabhujanirmukta

bhīmabhujanirmukta - released or discharged from Bhima's arm

Past Passive Participle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīmabhūja+nirmukta)

• bhīmabhūja – Bhima's arm
  noun (masculine)
• nirmukta – released, freed, discharged
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √muc 'to free, release' with the prefix nir-.
  Prefix: nis
  Root: √muc (class 6)

Note: Modifies 'sā' (the śakti).

नागजिह्वा (nāgajihvā) - a serpent's tongue

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nāgajihvā

nāgajihvā - serpent's tongue, snake's tongue

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāga+jihvā)

• nāga – serpent, snake; elephant
  noun (masculine)
• jihvā – tongue, language
  noun (feminine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

चञ्चला (cañcalā) - describing the spear's movement (flickering, unsteady, quivering)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of cañcala

cañcala - moving, trembling, unsteady, flickering, restless

Note: Modifies 'sā' (the śakti).

निपपात (nipapāta) - it fell down; it fell

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of √pat

Prefix: ni

Root: √pat (class 1)

रथे (rathe) - on the chariot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, carriage

तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √tvar 'to hasten'. Often used adverbially.

Root: √tvar (class 1)

सौबलस्य (saubalasya) - of Shakuni, the son of Subala (of Subala's son)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of saubala

saubala - son of Subala (a patronymic, referring to Shakuni)

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled Shakuni (conventionally or potentially sarcastically) (of the great-souled one; of the noble one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, lofty-minded

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty, extensive
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'saubalasya'. Often used as an honorific, not always implying genuine greatness.