महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-55, verse-55

ध्वजमेकेन चिच्छेद छत्रं द्वाभ्यां विशां पते ।
चतुर्भिश्चतुरो वाहान्विव्याध सुबलात्मजः ॥५५॥

55. dhvajamekena ciccheda chatraṁ dvābhyāṁ viśāṁ pate ,
caturbhiścaturo vāhānvivyādha subalātmajaḥ.

55. dhvajam ekena ciccheda chatraṃ dvābhyāṃ viśāṃ pate
caturbhiḥ caturaḥ vāhān vivyādha subalātmajaḥ

55. viśāṃ pate subalātmajaḥ ekena dhvajam ciccheda
dvābhyāṃ chatraṃ caturbhiḥ caturaḥ vāhān vivyādha

55. O lord of the people, with one (arrow), he cut down the banner, and with two (arrows), the umbrella. The son of Subala (Shakuni) then pierced the four horses with four (other) arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ध्वजम् (dhvajam) - the banner; the flag

• एकेन (ekena) - with one (arrow) (with one)

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut, split, pierced

• छत्रं (chatraṁ) - the umbrella

• द्वाभ्यां (dvābhyāṁ) - with two (arrows) (with two)

• विशां (viśāṁ) - of the people; of the subjects

• पते (pate) - O King Dhritarashtra (the narrator's audience) (O lord; O master)

• चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - with four (arrows) (with four)

• चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

• वाहान् (vāhān) - horses

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, wounded

• सुबलात्मजः (subalātmajaḥ) - Shakuni, the son of Subala (the son of Subala)

Words meanings and morphology

ध्वजम् (dhvajam) - the banner; the flag

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, flag, standard; a mark, sign

एकेन (ekena) - with one (arrow) (with one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, a single, unique, alone

Note: Impliedly refers to an arrow.

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut, split, pierced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of √chid

Root: √chid (class 7)

छत्रं (chatraṁ) - the umbrella

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of chatra

chatra - umbrella, parasol; canopy

द्वाभ्यां (dvābhyāṁ) - with two (arrows) (with two)

(adjective)

Instrumental, dual of dvi

dvi - two

Note: Impliedly refers to arrows.

विशां (viśāṁ) - of the people; of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, community; clan, settlement

पते (pate) - O King Dhritarashtra (the narrator's audience) (O lord; O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, owner

Note: Used in compound 'viśāṃ pate'.

चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - with four (arrows) (with four)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of catur

catur - four

Note: Impliedly refers to arrows.

चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of catur

catur - four

Note: Modifies 'vāhān'.

वाहान् (vāhān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vāha

vāha - a horse; a carrier, vehicle; one who carries

विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, wounded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of √vyadh

Root: √vyadh (class 4)

सुबलात्मजः (subalātmajaḥ) - Shakuni, the son of Subala (the son of Subala)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of subalātmaja

subalātmaja - son of Subala

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (subala+ātmaja)

• subala – Subala (name of a king, father of Shakuni)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – self-born, son, offspring
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from ātman (self) + √jan (to be born).
  Root: √jan (class 4)