महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-55, verse-68

सौबले निर्जिते राजन्भीमसेनेन धन्विना ।
भयेन महता भग्नः पुत्रो दुर्योधनस्तव ।
अपायाज्जवनैरश्वैः सापेक्षो मातुलं प्रति ॥६८॥

68. saubale nirjite rājanbhīmasenena dhanvinā ,
bhayena mahatā bhagnaḥ putro duryodhanastava ,
apāyājjavanairaśvaiḥ sāpekṣo mātulaṁ prati.

68. saubale nirjite rājan bhīmasenena
dhanvinā bhayena mahatā bhagnaḥ
putraḥ duryodhanaḥ tava apāyāt
javanaiḥ aśvaiḥ sāpekṣaḥ mātulaṁ prati

68. rājan bhīmasenena dhanvinā saubale nirjite,
mahatā bhayena bhagnaḥ tava putraḥ duryodhanaḥ māśvaram prati sāpekṣaḥ javanaiḥ aśvaiḥ apāyāt

68. O King, when Subala's son (Śakuni) was defeated by the archer Bhīmasena, your son Duryodhana, overwhelmed by great fear, fled on swift horses, constantly looking back towards his maternal uncle.

Words meanings summery:

• सौबले (saubale) - in Śakuni, son of Subala (in the son of Subala)

• निर्जिते (nirjite) - when defeated, conquered

• राजन् (rājan) - O king!

• भीमसेनेन (bhīmasenena) - by Bhīmasena

• धन्विना (dhanvinā) - by the archer

• भयेन (bhayena) - by fear

• महता (mahatā) - by great

• भग्नः (bhagnaḥ) - overcome by fear (shattered, broken, overcome)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• तव (tava) - your

• अपायात् (apāyāt) - he went away, he fled

• जवनैः (javanaiḥ) - by swift, by quick

• अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses

• सापेक्षः (sāpekṣaḥ) - looking back towards his maternal uncle (with expectation, looking back, regardful)

• मातुलं (mātulaṁ) - maternal uncle

• प्रति (prati) - towards, to, against

Words meanings and morphology

सौबले (saubale) - in Śakuni, son of Subala (in the son of Subala)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saubala

saubala - son of Subala (Śakuni)

Patronymic from Subala

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

निर्जिते (nirjite) - when defeated, conquered

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nirjita

nirjita - conquered, defeated, vanquished

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root √ji (to conquer) with prefix nir-

Prefix: nir

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

राजन् (rājan) - O king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

भीमसेनेन (bhīmasenena) - by Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava prince)

धन्विना (dhanvinā) - by the archer

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhanvin

dhanvin - archer, bowman

भयेन (bhayena) - by fear

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, danger

महता (mahatā) - by great

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

भग्नः (bhagnaḥ) - overcome by fear (shattered, broken, overcome)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagna

bhagna - broken, shattered, defeated, overcome

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root √bhañj (to break)

Root: bhañj (class 7)

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अपायात् (apāyāt) - he went away, he fled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of i

Imperfect

3rd person singular active imperfect form of root √i with prefix apa-

Prefix: apa

Root: i (class 2)

जवनैः (javanaiḥ) - by swift, by quick

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of javana

javana - swift, quick, speedy

From √ju (to run, move quickly)

Root: ju (class 1)

अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

सापेक्षः (sāpekṣaḥ) - looking back towards his maternal uncle (with expectation, looking back, regardful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāpekṣa

sāpekṣa - having regard, expectant, looking back, relative

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+apekṣa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• apekṣa – expectation, regard, dependence
  noun (masculine)
  From apa-√īkṣ (to look at, expect)
  Prefix: apa
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

मातुलं (mātulaṁ) - maternal uncle

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mātula

mātula - maternal uncle

प्रति (prati) - towards, to, against

(indeclinable)