महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-55, verse-47

स समासाद्य संग्रामे भीमं भीमपराक्रमम् ।
वारयामास तं वीरो वेलेव मकरालयम् ।
स न्यवर्तत तं भीमो वार्यमाणः शितैः शरैः ॥४७॥

47. sa samāsādya saṁgrāme bhīmaṁ bhīmaparākramam ,
vārayāmāsa taṁ vīro veleva makarālayam ,
sa nyavartata taṁ bhīmo vāryamāṇaḥ śitaiḥ śaraiḥ.

47. saḥ samāsādya saṃgrāme bhīmam
bhīmaparākramam vārayāmāsa tam vīraḥ
velā iva makarālayam saḥ nyavartata
tam bhīmaḥ vāryamāṇaḥ śitaiḥ śaraiḥ

47. saḥ vīraḥ saṃgrāme bhīmam bhīmaparākramam
samāsādya velā iva makarālayam
tam vārayāmāsa saḥ bhīmaḥ śitaiḥ
śaraiḥ vāryamāṇaḥ tam nyavartata

47. Having encountered Bhīma, who possessed formidable prowess (Bhīmaparākrama), in battle, that hero (Śakuni) checked him, just as a shore restrains the ocean (makarālaya). Being held back by sharp arrows, Bhīma then turned away from him.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Śakuni (he, that)

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached, having met, having encountered

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in combat

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma (accusative)

• भीमपराक्रमम् (bhīmaparākramam) - having terrible prowess, formidable in valor

• वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - he checked, he restrained

• तम् (tam) - Refers to Bhīma (him (accusative))

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - Refers to Śakuni (hero, warrior)

• वेला (velā) - shore, coast, boundary

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• मकरालयम् (makarālayam) - the abode of crocodiles (ocean)

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Bhīma (he, that)

• न्यवर्तत (nyavartata) - he turned back, he retreated

• तम् (tam) - Implies separation or turning away from; refers to Śakuni (him (accusative))

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma

• वार्यमाणः (vāryamāṇaḥ) - being checked, being restrained

• शितैः (śitaiḥ) - by sharp, by whetted (arrows)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Śakuni (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached, having met, having encountered

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Root 'sad' with upasargas 'sam' and 'ā', formed with -ya suffix

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, combat, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: gram (class 4)

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (a son of Pāṇḍu); terrible, formidable

Root: bhī (class 3)

भीमपराक्रमम् (bhīmaparākramam) - having terrible prowess, formidable in valor

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmaparākrama

bhīmaparākrama - having formidable strength or prowess

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+parākrama)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• parākrama – prowess, valor, strength
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: parā
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bhīmam

वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - he checked, he restrained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vārayāmāsa

Periphrastic Perfect third person singular

From causative of root 'vṛ' (to cover/restrain) + ām-suffix + Perfect form of 'as' (to be)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

तम् (tam) - Refers to Bhīma (him (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वीरः (vīraḥ) - Refers to Śakuni (hero, warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior, chief

वेला (velā) - shore, coast, boundary

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of velā

velā - shore, coast, boundary, limit, time

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

मकरालयम् (makarālayam) - the abode of crocodiles (ocean)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of makarālaya

makarālaya - abode of makaras (sea-monsters/crocodiles); the ocean

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (makara+ālaya)

• makara – crocodile, sea-monster
  noun (masculine)
• ālaya – abode, dwelling, house
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Bhīma (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

न्यवर्तत (nyavartata) - he turned back, he retreated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of ni-vṛt

Imperfect third person singular

Root 'vṛt' with upasarga 'ni', Middle voice (ātmanepada)

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तम् (tam) - Implies separation or turning away from; refers to Śakuni (him (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (a son of Pāṇḍu); terrible, formidable

Root: bhī (class 3)

वार्यमाणः (vāryamāṇaḥ) - being checked, being restrained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāryamāṇa

vāryamāṇa - being restrained, being checked, being hindered

Present Passive Participle

Causative root 'vār' (from vṛ) + Passive 'yamāṇa' suffix

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with bhīmaḥ

शितैः (śitaiḥ) - by sharp, by whetted (arrows)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharp, whetted, sharpened, keen

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śo' (to sharpen) + -kta suffix

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Agrees with śaraiḥ

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed