महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-8, chapter-55, verse-30
सैनिकान्स महेष्वासो योधांश्च भरतर्षभ ।
समादिशद्रणे सर्वान्हत भीममिति स्म ह ।
तस्मिन्हते हतं मन्ये सर्वसैन्यमशेषतः ॥३०॥
समादिशद्रणे सर्वान्हत भीममिति स्म ह ।
तस्मिन्हते हतं मन्ये सर्वसैन्यमशेषतः ॥३०॥
30. sainikānsa maheṣvāso yodhāṁśca bharatarṣabha ,
samādiśadraṇe sarvānhata bhīmamiti sma ha ,
tasminhate hataṁ manye sarvasainyamaśeṣataḥ.
samādiśadraṇe sarvānhata bhīmamiti sma ha ,
tasminhate hataṁ manye sarvasainyamaśeṣataḥ.
30.
sainikān ca maha-īṣvāsaḥ yodhān ca
bharatarṣabha samādiśat raṇe sarvān
hata bhīmam iti sma ha tasmin
hate hatam manye sarvasainyam aśeṣataḥ
bharatarṣabha samādiśat raṇe sarvān
hata bhīmam iti sma ha tasmin
hate hatam manye sarvasainyam aśeṣataḥ
30.
bharatarṣabha maha-īṣvāsaḥ sainikān
ca yodhān ca raṇe sarvān bhīmam
hata iti samādiśat sma ha tasmin
hate sarvasainyam aśeṣataḥ hatam manye
ca yodhān ca raṇe sarvān bhīmam
hata iti samādiśat sma ha tasmin
hate sarvasainyam aśeṣataḥ hatam manye
30.
O best among the Bhāratas, the great archer (Duryodhana) commanded all his soldiers and warriors in battle, 'Kill Bhīma!' Indeed, if he (Bhīma) is slain, I consider our entire army to be utterly destroyed.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सैनिकान् (sainikān) - soldiers, warriors
- च (ca) - and, also
- मह-ईष्वासः (maha-īṣvāsaḥ) - Duryodhana (implied speaker is Saṃjaya, referring to Duryodhana) (great archer, one with a mighty bow)
- योधान् (yodhān) - warriors
- च (ca) - and, also
- भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of Bharatas, O chief of Bharatas)
- समादिशत् (samādiśat) - commanded, ordered
- रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict
- सर्वान् (sarvān) - Refers to the soldiers and warriors (all, everyone)
- हत (hata) - Imperative command (kill, strike)
- भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma
- इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (introduces direct speech)
- स्म (sma) - Used here with a past tense verb ('samādiśat') for emphasis. (indeed, certainly (used with present tense verb to indicate past action))
- ह (ha) - indeed, truly, oh (an emphatic or interrogative particle)
- तस्मिन् (tasmin) - Refers to Bhīma. (in him, in that)
- हते (hate) - When Bhīma is killed. (killed, slain, destroyed)
- हतम् (hatam) - The army is considered killed/destroyed. (killed, slain, destroyed)
- मन्ये (manye) - Saṃjaya's personal opinion/assessment. (I think, I believe, I consider)
- सर्वसैन्यम् (sarvasainyam) - the entire army, the whole host
- अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, entirely, without remainder
Words meanings and morphology
सैनिकान् (sainikān) - soldiers, warriors
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sainika
sainika - soldier, warrior
Derived from 'senā' (army) + 'ika' (suffix)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
मह-ईष्वासः (maha-īṣvāsaḥ) - Duryodhana (implied speaker is Saṃjaya, referring to Duryodhana) (great archer, one with a mighty bow)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of maha-īṣvāsa
maha-īṣvāsa - great archer, one with a mighty bow
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+īṣvāsa)
- mahā – great, mighty
adjective - īṣvāsa – bow, archer
noun (masculine)
योधान् (yodhān) - warriors
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of yodha
yodha - warrior, fighter
From root 'yudh' (to fight)
Root: yudh (class 4)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of Bharatas, O chief of Bharatas)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha
bharatarṣabha - best of the Bharatas, chief of the Bharatas
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)
- bharata – a descendant of Bharata, an ancient king; a name for India
proper noun (masculine) - ṛṣabha – bull; excellent, chief, best
noun (masculine)
समादिशत् (samādiśat) - commanded, ordered
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of diś
imperfect past active
3rd person singular, imperfect active, Pāṇinian dhātupāṭha class 6.
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: diś (class 6)
रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa
raṇa - battle, war, conflict
Root: raṇ (class 1)
सर्वान् (sarvān) - Refers to the soldiers and warriors (all, everyone)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
हत (hata) - Imperative command (kill, strike)
(verb)
2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of han
imperative active
2nd person plural, imperative active, Pāṇinian dhātupāṭha class 2.
Root: han (class 2)
भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma
bhīma - Bhīma (name of the second Pāṇḍava brother)
Note: Object of the command 'kill'.
इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (introduces direct speech)
(indeclinable)
स्म (sma) - Used here with a past tense verb ('samādiśat') for emphasis. (indeed, certainly (used with present tense verb to indicate past action))
(indeclinable)
ह (ha) - indeed, truly, oh (an emphatic or interrogative particle)
(indeclinable)
तस्मिन् (tasmin) - Refers to Bhīma. (in him, in that)
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
हते (hate) - When Bhīma is killed. (killed, slain, destroyed)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of hata
hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed
past passive participle
From root 'han' (to kill, strike).
Root: han (class 2)
हतम् (hatam) - The army is considered killed/destroyed. (killed, slain, destroyed)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of hata
hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed
past passive participle
From root 'han' (to kill, strike).
Root: han (class 2)
मन्ये (manye) - Saṃjaya's personal opinion/assessment. (I think, I believe, I consider)
(verb)
1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man
present middle
1st person singular, present middle, Pāṇinian dhātupāṭha class 4.
Root: man (class 4)
सर्वसैन्यम् (sarvasainyam) - the entire army, the whole host
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sarvasainya
sarvasainya - the entire army, the whole host
Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+sainya)
- sarva – all, every, whole
pronoun - sainya – army, host
noun (neuter)
Derived from 'senā' (army)
Note: Object of 'manye' and predicate 'hatam' (understood copula).
अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, entirely, without remainder
(indeclinable)
From 'aśeṣa' (entire, complete) + suffix 'tas' (indicating 'from' or 'completely').