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8,55

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-55, verse-30

सैनिकान्स महेष्वासो योधांश्च भरतर्षभ ।
समादिशद्रणे सर्वान्हत भीममिति स्म ह ।
तस्मिन्हते हतं मन्ये सर्वसैन्यमशेषतः ॥३०॥
30. sainikānsa maheṣvāso yodhāṁśca bharatarṣabha ,
samādiśadraṇe sarvānhata bhīmamiti sma ha ,
tasminhate hataṁ manye sarvasainyamaśeṣataḥ.
30. sainikān ca maha-īṣvāsaḥ yodhān ca
bharatarṣabha samādiśat raṇe sarvān
hata bhīmam iti sma ha tasmin
hate hatam manye sarvasainyam aśeṣataḥ
30. bharatarṣabha maha-īṣvāsaḥ sainikān
ca yodhān ca raṇe sarvān bhīmam
hata iti samādiśat sma ha tasmin
hate sarvasainyam aśeṣataḥ hatam manye
30. O best among the Bhāratas, the great archer (Duryodhana) commanded all his soldiers and warriors in battle, 'Kill Bhīma!' Indeed, if he (Bhīma) is slain, I consider our entire army to be utterly destroyed.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • सैनिकान् (sainikān) - soldiers, warriors
  • (ca) - and, also
  • मह-ईष्वासः (maha-īṣvāsaḥ) - Duryodhana (implied speaker is Saṃjaya, referring to Duryodhana) (great archer, one with a mighty bow)
  • योधान् (yodhān) - warriors
  • (ca) - and, also
  • भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of Bharatas, O chief of Bharatas)
  • समादिशत् (samādiśat) - commanded, ordered
  • रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict
  • सर्वान् (sarvān) - Refers to the soldiers and warriors (all, everyone)
  • हत (hata) - Imperative command (kill, strike)
  • भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma
  • इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (introduces direct speech)
  • स्म (sma) - Used here with a past tense verb ('samādiśat') for emphasis. (indeed, certainly (used with present tense verb to indicate past action))
  • (ha) - indeed, truly, oh (an emphatic or interrogative particle)
  • तस्मिन् (tasmin) - Refers to Bhīma. (in him, in that)
  • हते (hate) - When Bhīma is killed. (killed, slain, destroyed)
  • हतम् (hatam) - The army is considered killed/destroyed. (killed, slain, destroyed)
  • मन्ये (manye) - Saṃjaya's personal opinion/assessment. (I think, I believe, I consider)
  • सर्वसैन्यम् (sarvasainyam) - the entire army, the whole host
  • अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, entirely, without remainder

Words meanings and morphology

सैनिकान् (sainikān) - soldiers, warriors
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sainika
sainika - soldier, warrior
Derived from 'senā' (army) + 'ika' (suffix)
(ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
मह-ईष्वासः (maha-īṣvāsaḥ) - Duryodhana (implied speaker is Saṃjaya, referring to Duryodhana) (great archer, one with a mighty bow)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of maha-īṣvāsa
maha-īṣvāsa - great archer, one with a mighty bow
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+īṣvāsa)
  • mahā – great, mighty
    adjective
  • īṣvāsa – bow, archer
    noun (masculine)
योधान् (yodhān) - warriors
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of yodha
yodha - warrior, fighter
From root 'yudh' (to fight)
Root: yudh (class 4)
(ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of Bharatas, O chief of Bharatas)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha
bharatarṣabha - best of the Bharatas, chief of the Bharatas
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)
  • bharata – a descendant of Bharata, an ancient king; a name for India
    proper noun (masculine)
  • ṛṣabha – bull; excellent, chief, best
    noun (masculine)
समादिशत् (samādiśat) - commanded, ordered
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of diś
imperfect past active
3rd person singular, imperfect active, Pāṇinian dhātupāṭha class 6.
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: diś (class 6)
रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa
raṇa - battle, war, conflict
Root: raṇ (class 1)
सर्वान् (sarvān) - Refers to the soldiers and warriors (all, everyone)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
हत (hata) - Imperative command (kill, strike)
(verb)
2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of han
imperative active
2nd person plural, imperative active, Pāṇinian dhātupāṭha class 2.
Root: han (class 2)
भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma
bhīma - Bhīma (name of the second Pāṇḍava brother)
Note: Object of the command 'kill'.
इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (introduces direct speech)
(indeclinable)
स्म (sma) - Used here with a past tense verb ('samādiśat') for emphasis. (indeed, certainly (used with present tense verb to indicate past action))
(indeclinable)
(ha) - indeed, truly, oh (an emphatic or interrogative particle)
(indeclinable)
तस्मिन् (tasmin) - Refers to Bhīma. (in him, in that)
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
हते (hate) - When Bhīma is killed. (killed, slain, destroyed)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of hata
hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed
past passive participle
From root 'han' (to kill, strike).
Root: han (class 2)
हतम् (hatam) - The army is considered killed/destroyed. (killed, slain, destroyed)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of hata
hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed
past passive participle
From root 'han' (to kill, strike).
Root: han (class 2)
मन्ये (manye) - Saṃjaya's personal opinion/assessment. (I think, I believe, I consider)
(verb)
1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man
present middle
1st person singular, present middle, Pāṇinian dhātupāṭha class 4.
Root: man (class 4)
सर्वसैन्यम् (sarvasainyam) - the entire army, the whole host
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sarvasainya
sarvasainya - the entire army, the whole host
Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+sainya)
  • sarva – all, every, whole
    pronoun
  • sainya – army, host
    noun (neuter)
    Derived from 'senā' (army)
Note: Object of 'manye' and predicate 'hatam' (understood copula).
अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, entirely, without remainder
(indeclinable)
From 'aśeṣa' (entire, complete) + suffix 'tas' (indicating 'from' or 'completely').