महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-55, verse-51

तमायान्तं शरं घोरं शकुनिः शत्रुतापनः ।
चिच्छेद शतधा राजन्कृतहस्तो महाबलः ॥५१॥

51. tamāyāntaṁ śaraṁ ghoraṁ śakuniḥ śatrutāpanaḥ ,
ciccheda śatadhā rājankṛtahasto mahābalaḥ.

51. tam āyāntam śaram ghoram śakuniḥ śatrutāpanaḥ
ciccheda śatadhā rājan kṛtahastaḥ mahābalaḥ

51. rājan,
śatrutāpanaḥ mahābalaḥ kṛtahastaḥ śakuniḥ tam ghoram āyāntam śaram śatadhā ciccheda

51. O King, that mighty and skilled Shakuni, the tormentor of his enemies, cut that fierce incoming arrow into a hundred pieces.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming, approaching, incoming

• शरम् (śaram) - arrow

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, fierce, dreadful

• शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni

• शत्रुतापनः (śatrutāpanaḥ) - tormentor of enemies, scorching enemies

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut, he broke

• शतधा (śatadhā) - into a hundred parts, a hundredfold

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• कृतहस्तः (kṛtahastaḥ) - skilled, dextrous

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - very powerful, mighty, of great strength

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming, approaching, incoming

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānt

āyānt - coming, approaching, incoming

Present Active Participle

From 'ā-' + root 'yā' (to go) + suffix 'śatṛ'.

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

शरम् (śaram) - arrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow, reed

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, fierce, dreadful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, fierce, dreadful, fearful

शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Shakuni (name of a king, brother of Gandhari); a bird

शत्रुतापनः (śatrutāpanaḥ) - tormentor of enemies, scorching enemies

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatrutāpana

śatrutāpana - tormentor of enemies, scorching enemies

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (śatru+tāpana)

• śatru – enemy
  noun (masculine)
• tāpana – scorching, tormenting, causing pain
  adjective
  Agent Noun / Causative Participle
  From root 'tap' (to heat, torment).
  Root: tap (class 1)

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut, he broke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of chid

Reduplicated Perfect

From root 'chid' (to cut). Reduplicated Perfect (lit).

Root: chid (class 7)

शतधा (śatadhā) - into a hundred parts, a hundredfold

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

कृतहस्तः (kṛtahastaḥ) - skilled, dextrous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtahasta

kṛtahasta - skilled, dextrous, practiced (lit. 'whose hand is made/practiced')

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (kṛta+hasta)

• kṛta – done, made, practiced
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kṛ' (to do, make) + suffix 'kta'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - very powerful, mighty, of great strength

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - very powerful, mighty, of great strength

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)