महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-12, verse-2

संजय उवाच ।
शृणु राजन्यथावृत्तं संग्रामं ब्रुवतो मम ।
वीराणां शत्रुभिः सार्धं देहपाप्मप्रणाशनम् ॥२॥

2. saṁjaya uvāca ,
śṛṇu rājanyathāvṛttaṁ saṁgrāmaṁ bruvato mama ,
vīrāṇāṁ śatrubhiḥ sārdhaṁ dehapāpmapraṇāśanam.

2. sañjayaḥ uvāca śṛṇu rājan yathāvṛttam saṅgrāmam bruvataḥ
mama vīrāṇām śatrubhiḥ sārdham dehapāpmapraṇāśanam

2. sañjayaḥ uvāca rājan śṛṇu mama bruvataḥ yathāvṛttam
saṅgrāmam vīrāṇām śatrubhiḥ sārdham dehapāpmapraṇāśanam

2. Sañjaya said: "Listen, O King, as I recount the battle as it truly happened—a battle of heroes against their foes, which destroys the body's evils (pāpman) and sins."

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• यथावृत्तम् (yathāvṛttam) - as it happened, as it occurred, as it was

• सङ्ग्रामम् (saṅgrāmam) - battle, war, combat

• ब्रुवतः (bruvataḥ) - of me speaking, while speaking

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• वीराणाम् (vīrāṇām) - of heroes, of warriors

• शत्रुभिः (śatrubhiḥ) - with enemies, by enemies

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - with, together with

• देहपाप्मप्रणाशनम् (dehapāpmapraṇāśanam) - destroyer of bodily evils/sins, purifying the body from sins

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator of the Mahābhārata war)

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect, 3rd person, singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative Active

Imperative, 2nd person, singular, active voice

Root: śru (class 5)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: The vocative singular of rājan is rājan.

यथावृत्तम् (yathāvṛttam) - as it happened, as it occurred, as it was

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yathāvṛtta

yathāvṛtta - as it happened, as it occurred, proper, true

Compound type : avyayībhāva/karmadhāraya (yathā+vṛtta)

• yathā – as, according to, in which manner
  indeclinable
• vṛtta – occurred, happened, done, conducted, circular
  past passive participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root vṛt (to be, to exist, to happen)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Adverbial accusative, or modifying `saṅgrāmam` which is accusative.

सङ्ग्रामम् (saṅgrāmam) - battle, war, combat

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṅgrāma

saṅgrāma - battle, war, combat, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: gram (class 4)

Note: Direct object of `śṛṇu`.

ब्रुवतः (bruvataḥ) - of me speaking, while speaking

(present active participle)

Note: Modifies `mama`.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Possessive, or 'of me' as the agent of 'speaking'.

वीराणाम् (vīrāṇām) - of heroes, of warriors

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

Note: Possession or relation: 'battle of heroes'.

शत्रुभिः (śatrubhiḥ) - with enemies, by enemies

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

Note: Used with `sārdham` (with).

सार्धम् (sārdham) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Takes instrumental case.

देहपाप्मप्रणाशनम् (dehapāpmapraṇāśanam) - destroyer of bodily evils/sins, purifying the body from sins

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dehapāpmapraṇāśana

dehapāpmapraṇāśana - destroyer of the body's evils/sins

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deha+pāpman+praṇāśana)

• deha – body, physical form
  noun (masculine)
• pāpman – sin, evil, crime, demerit, vice
  noun (neuter)
• praṇāśana – destroying, destruction, removal, annihilating
  noun/adjective (neuter)
  from pra-naś (to perish, to destroy)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Modifies `saṅgrāmam`.