महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-12, verse-17

इत्येतन्महदाश्चर्यं दृष्ट्वा श्रुत्वा च भारत ।
अश्वत्थामा सुसंयत्तः कृष्णावभ्यद्रवद्रणे ॥१७॥

17. ityetanmahadāścaryaṁ dṛṣṭvā śrutvā ca bhārata ,
aśvatthāmā susaṁyattaḥ kṛṣṇāvabhyadravadraṇe.

17. iti etat mahat āścaryam dṛṣṭvā śrutvā ca bhārata
aśvatthāmā susaṃyattaḥ kṛṣṇau abhyadravat raṇe

17. bhārata,
iti etat mahat āścaryam dṛṣṭvā ca śrutvā ca susaṃyattaḥ aśvatthāmā raṇe kṛṣṇau abhyadravat

17. O Bhārata, having seen and heard this great wonder, Aśvatthāmā, being well-composed, charged at the two Kṛṣṇas (Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna) in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking quotation

• एतत् (etat) - this (wonder) (this, this one)

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

• आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) - wonder, surprise, marvel

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• च (ca) - and, also

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed by Sañjaya) (O descendant of Bharata)

• अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā (son of Droṇa)

• सुसंयत्तः (susaṁyattaḥ) - fully composed (well-prepared, fully composed, well-restrained)

• कृष्णौ (kṛṣṇau) - Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna (the two Kṛṣṇas (Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna))

• अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - he charged towards (he ran towards, he attacked)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking quotation

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this (wonder) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one (demonstrative pronoun)

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important, eminent

Root 'mah' (to be great) with suffix '-at'.

Root: mah (class 1)

आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) - wonder, surprise, marvel

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āścarya

āścarya - wonder, surprise, marvel, astonishment

From prefix 'ā' + root 'car' (to move) implying 'that which moves (the mind) to wonder'.

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Formed with the suffix '-tvā' from root 'dṛś'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Formed with the suffix '-tvā' from root 'śru'.

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed by Sañjaya) (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata; belonging to Bharata; an inhabitant of India; a name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Patronymic derived from 'Bharata'.

अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā (son of Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśvatthāman

aśvatthāman - Aśvatthāmā (a prominent warrior in the Mahābhārata, son of Droṇa)

Note: Subject of the verb 'abhyadravat'.

सुसंयत्तः (susaṁyattaḥ) - fully composed (well-prepared, fully composed, well-restrained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of susaṃyatta

susaṁyatta - well-prepared, fully equipped, well-composed, controlled

Past Passive Participle

Prefix 'su' (well) + compound of 'sam' (together) + root 'yam' (to restrain/control) + suffix '-kta'.

Compound type : pra-adi (su+saṃyatta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Adverbial prefix.
• saṃyatta – restrained, controlled, prepared, ready
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix 'sam' + root 'yam' (to restrain) + suffix '-kta'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yam (class 1)

कृष्णौ (kṛṣṇau) - Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna (the two Kṛṣṇas (Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - dark, black; a name of Kṛṣṇa; often refers to Arjuna as 'the other Kṛṣṇa'

Root: kṛṣ (class 6)

Note: Object of the verb 'abhyadravat'.

अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - he charged towards (he ran towards, he attacked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of dru

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular imperfect active form of root 'dru' with prefix 'abhi' and past tense augment 'a'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, conflict, combat

From root 'raṇ' (to sound, rejoice, war)

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the location or sphere of action.