महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-73, verse-70

वध्यमानं तु तत्सैन्यं द्रोणेन निशितैः शरैः ।
व्यभ्रमत्तत्र तत्रैव क्षोभ्यमाण इवार्णवः ॥७०॥

70. vadhyamānaṁ tu tatsainyaṁ droṇena niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
vyabhramattatra tatraiva kṣobhyamāṇa ivārṇavaḥ.

70. vadhyamānam tu tat sainyam droṇena niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ
vyabhramat tatra tatra eva kṣobhyamāṇaḥ iva arṇavaḥ

70. droṇena niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ vadhyamānam tat sainyam
tatra tatra eva vyabhramat arṇavaḥ iva kṣobhyamāṇaḥ

70. That army, being slaughtered by Droṇa with sharp arrows, scattered in all directions, just like the ocean is agitated.

Words meanings summery:

• वध्यमानम् (vadhyamānam) - being killed, being slaughtered

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तत् (tat) - that, that one

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

• द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Droṇa

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp, with whetted

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• व्यभ्रमत् (vyabhramat) - it scattered, it wandered, it was confused

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, even

• क्षोभ्यमाणः (kṣobhyamāṇaḥ) - being agitated, being churned, being disturbed

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as, similar to

• अर्णवः (arṇavaḥ) - ocean, sea

Words meanings and morphology

वध्यमानम् (vadhyamānam) - being killed, being slaughtered

(participle)

neuter, singular of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being slaughtered, being struck down

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root √vadh (to strike, kill) with passive suffix yak and present participle suffix śānac. Often used as a passive participle of √han (to strike, kill) in the sense of being killed.

Root: √vadh (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular, agreeing with tat sainyam.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that, that one

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, it

Note: Nominative/accusative singular, agreeing with sainyam.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

(noun)

neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force, troop

Derived from senā (army).

Note: Nominative singular, subject of vyabhramat.

द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Droṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a warrior and guru)

Note: Agent of the passive participle vadhyamānam.

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp, with whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, sharpened, keen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √śo (to sharpen) with prefix ni and past passive participle suffix kta.

Prefix: ni

Root: √śo (class 4)

Note: Agrees with śaraiḥ.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Instrument of the action vadhyamānam.

व्यभ्रमत् (vyabhramat) - it scattered, it wandered, it was confused

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √bhram

Imperfect Active

vi-a-bhram-at

Prefix: vi

Root: √bhram (class 1)

Note: Verb for sainyam.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad (that) + locative suffix tral.

Note: Used repetitively for 'here and there'.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad (that) + locative suffix tral.

Note: Used repetitively for 'here and there'.

एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, even

(indeclinable)

क्षोभ्यमाणः (kṣobhyamāṇaḥ) - being agitated, being churned, being disturbed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣobhyamāṇa

kṣobhyamāṇa - being agitated, being churned, being disturbed

Present Passive Participle

Derived from √kṣubh (to agitate, disturb) with passive suffix yak and present participle suffix śānac.

Root: √kṣubh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with arṇavaḥ.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as, similar to

(indeclinable)

अर्णवः (arṇavaḥ) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arṇava

arṇava - ocean, sea, flood, waves

Note: Subject of the comparison.